Conversing with Mark Labberton

We might be living through the most consequential technological moment in human history. In this episode, Greg Cootsona—theologian, pastor, and executive director of AI and Faith—joins Mark Labberton reflect on a lifetime's convergence of work in faith, science, and ethics now fully engaged at the frontier of artificial intelligence.
"AI is not simply a technical project. It is an expression of human hopes and fears, our longings for power, our craving for convenience, and our hunger for transcendence and meaning. In that sense, every AI model carries an implicit anthropology and an embedded moral vision."
Together they discuss why religious wisdom belongs in the room where AI is shaped, the ethical stakes of human dignity and representation in AI systems, and the strategic power of interfaith collaboration with leading tech companies. Together they also explore how individual users can exercise genuine agency over AI, the risks of AI-mediated relationships, and what it would mean to make AI truly for us—in the deepest theological sense of that phrase.
Episode Highlights
"You among mortals are chosen to solve every problem effectively and efficiently."—on Silicon Valley's unspoken gospel
"The gospel is not fragile and it grows best in situations that are not ideal and conditions that are not ideal."
"AI is not simply a technical project. It is an expression of human hopes and fears, our longings for power, our craving for convenience, and our hunger for transcendence and meaning. In that sense, every AI model carries an implicit anthropology and an embedded moral vision. Whether or not its designers name it."
"A third of teenagers say they prefer to have a relationship with a chatbot."
"I think hope is taking steps today for a vision of tomorrow that you want to see occur. And that is what makes positive change in us as human beings and positive change in the world around us."
About Greg Cootsona
Greg Cootsona (PhD, Graduate Theological Union, Berkeley) is the executive director of AI and Faith, a global interfaith organization bringing religious wisdom to the ethical challenges of artificial intelligence. He is a lecturer in comparative religion and humanities at California State University, Chico, and an ordained Presbyterian Church (USA) minister. Cootsona co-founded Science for the Church, directed multiple Templeton Foundation–funded projects connecting science and religious communities, and is a recognized specialist in C.S. Lewis, theology, and science. He has authored nine books, including Science and Religions in America: A New Look (Routledge, 2023) and Mere Science and Christian Faith (InterVarsity Press, 2018). He has appeared on The Today Show, CNN, NPR, BBC, and in the New York Times and Wall Street Journal.
Helpful Links and Resources
AI and Faith https://aiandfaith.org Greg Cootsona's website: https://www.gregcootsona.com
Forthcoming book, An AI Made for Us: https://www.gregcootsona.com Science for the Church https://scienceforthechurch.org Mere Science and Christian Faith: https://www.ivpress.com/mere-science-and-christian-faith Science and Religions in America: A New Look https://www.routledge.com/Science-and-Religions-in-America-A-New-Look/Cootsona/p/book/9781032102122 AI and Faith on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/aiandfaith AI and Faith on X/Twitter: https://twitter.com/AIandFaith
Show Notes
Greg Cootsona's background: grew up in Menlo Park, California—Silicon Valley before it had that name
His engineer father modeled a problem-solving worldview; transcendence not required
"You among mortals are chosen to solve every problem effectively and efficiently."—the unspoken gospel of Silicon Valley
Grew up in a non-religious, even "anti-religious" household
Became a Christian his first year at UC Berkeley—a conversion he describes with a laugh as the obvious outlier
C.S. Lewis's writings on meaning and love: too reasonable, too wise to dismiss
Earl Palmer at First Presbyterian Berkeley: preaching that gave confidence amid secular challenge
"The gospel is not fragile and it grows best in situations that are not ideal."
Princeton Seminary for biblical studies; study years in Tübingen and Heidelberg
PhD dissertation at GTU: Karl Barth (theology from above) in dialogue with Alfred North Whitehead (science from below)
Advisors Robert John Russell (PhD in quantum physics) and Ted Peters at the Graduate Theological Union
Pastoral ministry at Fifth Avenue Presbyterian, New York City, then Bidwell Presbyterian, Chico
Began working with Templeton Foundation through early exposure to science-faith dialogue during the Human Genome Initiative years
Two $2 million Templeton projects: Scientists in Congregations and Science and Theology for Emerging Adult Ministries (STEAM)
Bidwell Presbyterian received what may have been the first Templeton Foundation grant ever given directly to a local church
AI and Faith founded by Thomas Osborne and David Brenner in Seattle—building near Amazon and Microsoft, they saw the need early
Cootsona became the organization's first executive director on October 1, 2025
The network: 220 experts in 20 countries, partnering with 34 organizations
"AI is not simply a technical project. It is an expression of human hopes and fears, our longings for power, our craving for convenience, and our hunger for transcendence and meaning."
Interfaith strategy: shared ethical ground across traditions is broader than divisions—and tech companies respond better to a multi-religious voice
Currently invited to provide Anthropic feedback on the Claude Constitution—because of AI and Faith's interfaith structure
Human dignity at stake: between 2 and 2.5 billion people not on the internet are absent from AI training data
Only 0.06 percent of AI models are trained on Arabic-language sources—600 million speakers
AI data centres consume potable water and enormous energy to cool GPU processors
Senior tech leaders at a major company admitted to Labberton: "None of us has any training in ethics"—a real and witnessed crisis
"A third of teenagers say they prefer to have a relationship with a chatbot."
Three publics: AI industry experts, religious congregations, and the broader public—AI and Faith works across all three
Forthcoming book: An AI Made for Us—riffing on Jesus's Sabbath words: the Sabbath was made for humanity, not humanity for the Sabbath
Users have more agency than they think: we can set limits, log off, choose not to be defined by our AI engagement
Harvard Human Flourishing Project: in-person worship is the highest correlate with religious flourishing—embodied community cannot be replaced
Community—not the individual—is the right unit of moral accountability for navigating AI
"I think hope is taking steps today for a vision of tomorrow that you want to see occur."
AI's genuine promise: accelerating medicine for rare diseases; recalibrating cosmological understanding; reducing human suffering at scale
Five to one: more people fear AI than welcome it—AI and Faith works to change that ratio with grounded, religious wisdom
#AIandFaith #ArtificialIntelligence #FaithAndTechnology #AIEthics #HumanFlourishing #ScienceAndFaith #ChristianFaith #TechAndReligion #AIandHumanity #GregCootsona
Production Credits
Conversing is produced and distributed in partnership with Comment magazine and Fuller Seminary.

Riad Kassis joins Mark Labberton from Beirut as airstrikes continue, 700,000 people have been displaced across Lebanon, and children's toys are visible in the rubble. He leads Langham Partnership and has spent decades serving the church across one of the world's most contested regions. He names the spiritual danger of sanctifying power with religious narrative while insisting peace cannot be forced by violence.
"Peace does not come by power. It comes by genuine love and concern. It comes when you invest in the education of new generations."
In this episode, Kassis reflects on war, displacement, pastoral witness, and hope in God's sovereignty from the middle of Lebanon's crisis. Together they discuss the civilian toll of the war, how religious fundamentalism operates across traditions, the Psalms and Habakkuk as tools for lament, and what American Christians can actually do. Together they ask what it means for the church to hold protest and hope together when cycles of war feel endless and religiously justified.
Episode Highlights
"It is not an operation. It is a war on Lebanon."
"When power—whether political, military, financial, or technological—is sanctified by religious narratives that justify everything, that is what really bothers me."
"No one cures and destroys with more passion than someone who believes that God is on their side."
"When I think that these 85 children were killed mainly by American ammunition and weapons, I cannot comprehend this—even as a Christian and as a theologian."
"Peace does not come by power. It comes by genuine love and concern. It comes when you invest in the education of new generations."
About Riad Kassis
Riad Kassis is a Langham Scholar from Lebanon and is deeply committed to global theological education. He has served as International Director of the International Council for Evangelical Theological Education (ICETE), Regional Director for Overseas Council, as well as visiting professor of Old Testament at The Arab Baptist Theological Seminary and Near East School of Theology in Beirut, and the Dean of the Program for Theological Education by Extension in Syria and Lebanon.
Riad obtained his Bachelor of Arts in Economics in Damascus, Syria. He went on to obtain his Master of Divinity from Alliance Biblical Seminary, Manila, Philippines and Master of Theology from Regent College, Canada. Riad received his Doctor of Philosophy in Old Testament as a Langham scholar from The University of Nottingham, UK and his Master of Nonprofit Management from Regis University in Denver, Colorado.
Helpful Links and Resources
Riad Kassis, Frustrated with God: A Syrian Theologian's Reflections on Habakkuk https://www.amazon.com/Frustrated-God-Theologians-Reflections-Habakkuk/dp/1533513171
Langham Partnership https://us.langham.org/ 
Show Notes
Kassis speaking live from Beirut as war unfolds around him
Home in Bika Valley, Mount Hermon visible each morning—Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine converging
"It is not an operation. It is a war on Lebanon."
150 airstrikes in 24 hours; 550+ killed, 1,500+ injured, including 85 children
700,000 displaced; 200,000 children; many still on the streets of Beirut
Schoolbooks and children's toys found in the rubble
Christian village of Alma ordered to evacuate; mayor on television in tears
A Catholic priest who stayed to help an injured family was killed in a second strike
His wife Izdihar's center for Syrian refugee women and girls shut down; staff now distributing meals, mattresses, medical care in shelters
Hoped the war could be avoided—feared it could not
"When power—political, military, technological—is sanctified by religious narratives that justify everything, that is what really bothers me."
Iranian author Shiha Dejani, herself a survivor of the Iranian regime: if your vision of liberation comes through destroying innocent lives, it is not freedom you are after
Grew up admiring America as a beacon of democracy and discovery; that view has changed
"When I think these 85 children were killed mainly by American ammunition, I cannot comprehend this—even as a Christian and as a theologian."
"No one cures and destroys with more passion than someone who believes that God is on their side."
Walter Wink: the dominant religion on the planet is not Christianity, Islam, or Judaism—it is the pervasive faith in violence
Preaching Habakkuk two days before this conversation; the cry "how long, O Lord?" as pastoral anchor
Psalms of disorientation as communal tools for protest, lament, and stubborn hope
Lent and Ramadan overlapping: identifying suffering with Christ's suffering; "after Friday, we will experience an amazing Sunday"
2,000 years of Arab Christian presence in this region—not just survival, but witness and contribution
"Peace does not come by power. It comes by genuine love and concern. It comes when you invest in the education of new generations."
Asks for prayer for the war's end, for political wisdom, for his canceled flight—he is trying to reach his first grandson's dedication
Labberton closes in prayer: for restraint of ego-driven leaders, for human dignity, for a peace that is both merciful and just
#ConversingWithMarkLabberton #RiadKassis #Lebanon #MiddleEast #Peacebuilding #ChristianWitness #Theology #Habakkuk #LanghamPartnership #WarAndFaith
Production Credits
Conversing is produced and distributed in partnership with Comment Magazine and Fuller Seminary.

David Ford joins Mark Labberton to explore why the Gospel of John still feels inexhaustible—cosmic, intimate, and urgently relevant in a fractured age. Ford has spent over two decades inside this text and finds it as generative as ever.
"Any of us can begin this quiet revolution in our own corner of things."
Together they reflect on John as a gospel of encounter, trust, and lifelong rereading.
Together they discuss the prologue as a frame for all reality, John 17 as midrash on the Lord's Prayer, the theology of greatness, and Christian unity as gift before task. Together they ask how rereading John forms resilient communities of truth, love, and daring friendship.
Episode Highlights
"You can reread and reread and reread, and the levels go on deepening and deepening that it never comes to an end."
"The meeting with God in John is through trusting Jesus."
"Every time we read this as we are now, we are in the presence of the one we are talking about."
"Unity, this unity is a gift before it's a task."
"We are a centered set, not a bounded set. It's not the boundaries that define us, it's the center."
About David Ford
David F. Ford OBE is Regius Professor of Divinity Emeritus at Cambridge and a Fellow of Selwyn College. He founded the Cambridge Inter-Faith Programme, co-founded scriptural reasoning, and co-chairs the Rose Castle Foundation. His books include The Gospel of John: A Theological Commentary, Theology: A Very Short Introduction, and Meeting God in John. Learn more and follow at https://www.divinity.cam.ac.uk/directory/david-ford
(Sources: Cambridge Faculty of Divinity; Center of Theological Inquiry, Princeton)
Helpful Links and Resources
Meeting God in John: https://spckpublishing.co.uk/meeting-god-in-john
The Gospel of John: A Theological Commentary: https://bakeracademic.com/products/9781540964083_the-gospel-of-john
Theology: A Very Short Introduction: https://global.oup.com/academic/product/theology-9780199679973
The Five Quintets, Micheal O'Siadhail: https://www.baylorpress.com/9781481307093/the-five-quintets/
Rose Castle Foundation: https://www.rosecastlefoundation.org/home
Show Notes
Shared mentor Steven Sykes; Ford later succeeded him at Cambridge
Reading the prologue aloud (John 1:1–18, NRSV)
Light, life, word—simple Greek, inexhaustible depth
"The levels go on deepening and deepening that it never comes to an end."
Super abundance
A theological ecosystem—for beginners and lifelong readers
Meeting God, not merely studying John
Thomas's "My Lord and my God"—the climactic theological statement
Believing as trusting
"We are in the presence of the one we are talking about."
Exquisite and approachable
The word as intercultural headline
Five moods of faith: indicative, imperative, interrogative, optative, subjunctive
Jesus's first words: "What are you looking for?"
Read John every 90 days, like the Psalms
50-year friendship with poet Micheal O'Siadhail; The Five Quintets as improvisation on the Prologue
Reading John 17 with Richard Hays and Richard Bauckham—21 sessions, Cambridge, 2009
John 17 as midrash on the Lord's Prayer
"Unity is a gift before it's a task."
The word "world" appears 16 times in John 17
Rose Castle Foundation: scriptural reasoning across divides
Paul Cefalu's Johannine Renaissance—tumultuous eras turn to John
Theology of greatness: foot washing versus the emperor's claim
Signs of abundant life—Cana, feeding of the five thousand
Daring friendships: crossing barriers as Jesus did
"Any of us can begin this quiet revolution in our own corner of things."
#GospelOfJohn #DavidFord #MeetingGodInJohn #ChristianUnity #ScripturalReasoning #John17 #Lent #Theology
Production Credits
Conversing is produced and distributed in partnership with Comment Magazine and Fuller Seminary.

Electricity underwrites nearly every aspect of modern life, yet decisions about power, cost, and control are increasingly opaque. New York Times energy correspondent Ivan Penn joins Mark Labberton to unpack how data centres, AI, utilities, and politics are reshaping the grid—and who ultimately bears the cost.
"The real focus is who pays and who gets paid."
In this episode with Mark Labberton, Penn reflects on his journey into journalism, his unexpected path into energy reporting, and how covering power revealed the economic forces shaping daily life.
Together they discuss electricity as a moral and economic issue, the rise of AI-driven data centres, nuclear power's return, utilities versus tech giants, consumer vulnerability, racial inequity in journalism, and faith as a commitment to truth.
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Episode Highlights
"The real focus is who pays and who gets paid."
"Electricity is the most important resource we have."
"The utilities once the Goliath have suddenly become a David."
"We wouldn't have need for any of this if you didn't build a data centre."
"To be able to stop abuse with a pen is a powerful thing."
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About Ivan Penn
Ivan Penn is an energy correspondent for the New York Times, where he reports on electricity, utilities, nuclear power, data centres, and the economic forces shaping the energy transition. He has covered energy and utilities for more than fifteen years and has previously worked at the Los Angeles Times, Tampa Bay Times, Baltimore Sun, and Miami Herald. Penn's reporting has examined nuclear plant failures, grid reliability, climate pressures, and the growing influence of technology companies in energy markets. A longtime journalist shaped by investigative reporting, he is also attentive to issues of equity, public accountability, and consumer protection.
Penn is a graduate of the University of Maryland and was the first black editor-in-chief of its student newspaper. He also holds a master's in global leadership from Fuller Theological Seminary and was a John S. Knight Fellow at Stanford University.
His work reflects a commitment to accuracy, fairness, and public service journalism.
Learn more and follow at nytimes.com/by/ivan-penn
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Helpful Links and Resources
Ivan Penn – New York Times profile https://www.nytimes.com/by/ivan-penn
The New York Times – Energy and Environment coverage https://www.nytimes.com/section/climate
Three Mile Island nuclear plant background https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/fact-sheets/3mile-isle
National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners https://www.naruc.org
PJM Interconnection electricity market https://www.pjm.com
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Show Notes
Childhood shaped by public-school educators and nightly news rituals
Early journalism roots as school weatherman and student editor
Becoming first Black editor-in-chief at University of Maryland paper
"It was a powerful thing that I was able to experience."
Early reporting career across major regional newspapers
Assigned to energy and utilities beat as apparent punishment
Broken Crystal River nuclear plant sparks investigative focus
Anonymous source meeting at a Chili's launches major reporting trail
NRC documents unlock public-records investigation
Rare use of anonymous sources, reliance on verifiable documents
Sixteen years covering nuclear, utilities, and electricity markets
Nuclear renaissance promised dozens of reactors, delivered only two
Return of nuclear amid AI-driven electricity demand
Rise of small modular and advanced reactor proposals
Debate over safety, fuel design, and reactor scale
Data centers driving exponential growth in electricity demand
"Anything connected to the grid plays a role."
Grid costs shared across homeowners, businesses, and industry
Tech companies argue for shared infrastructure responsibility
Consumer advocates argue data centers cause new costs
Utility regulation spanning local, state, and federal levels
"The real focus is who pays and who gets paid."
Tech giants eclipse utilities as dominant financial players
Consumer advocates outmatched by utility and tech resources
Journalism as faith-shaped commitment to truth and fairness
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#EnergyPolicy #ElectricityGrid #Journalism #FaithAndPublicLife #AIInfrastructure #Utilities #ClimateEconomy
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Production Credits
Conversing is produced and distributed in partnership with Comment magazine and Fuller Seminary.

When public life feels loud and divided, what does quiet faithfulness look like? In the US House of Representatives, every legislative day begins with prayer. This responsibility rests with the chaplain of the house and shapes the daily spiritual rhythms of the institution.
"Chaplains aren't combatants. We carry no weapon."
On January 3, 2021, Rev. Dr. Margaret Grun Kibben was elected by the House to be its sixty-first chaplain. She offers daily prayer and steady pastoral presence and care in one of the most visible and contested institutions in American life.
In this conversation with Mark Labberton, she reflects on vocation, pastoral identity, pluralism, crisis leadership, prayer in public life, and the quiet discipline of blessing those entrusted with leadership. She reflects on her early call to ministry as a teen, her formation as a military chaplain to the Navy, a defining season in Afghanistan, and her unexpected path to serving in the House.
Together they discuss confidential care, advising leaders, the ministry of presence, praying across differences, the history of prayer in Congress, and how to bless leaders without turning prayer into a tool of ideology.
Episode Highlights
"I had a sense of call to ministry when I was about fourteen."
"Chaplains are where it matters, when it matters, with what matters."
"What is your theology of ministry?"
"It is the ninety-nine who were leaving the room that needed the shepherd."
"God is on his throne. He hasn't stepped down."
About Margaret Grun Kibben
Rev. Dr. Margaret Grun Kibben serves as the sixty-first chaplain of the United States House of Representatives. Ordained in the Presbyterian Church (USA), she previously completed a thirty-five-year career in the US Navy, including service as the twenty-sixth chief of Navy chaplains and director of religious ministry for the Department of the Navy. In that role, she advised senior naval leadership and oversaw chaplains serving sailors, Marines, and Coast Guardsmen around the world. She holds degrees from Goucher College and Princeton Theological Seminary and earned a doctor of ministry focused on theology and leadership. Her ministry has included deployments overseas and senior-level advisement in complex, pluralistic environments.
Helpful Links And Resources
Office of the Chaplain, US House of Representatives: https://chaplain.house.gov
US House Chaplain YouTube Channel (Daily Prayers before Sessions) https://www.youtube.com/@USHouseChaplain
January 6, 2026 Prayer https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QQLhXt3gWBg
Show Notes
Call to ministry at fourteen; early clarity of vocation
Presbyterian upbringing and the influence of youth pastor Blair Mooney
Visit to the Naval Academy and discernment of Navy chaplaincy
Integrating Christian ministry with military service
"Chaplains aren't combatants. We carry no weapon."
Serving people in uniform, not serving an institution as ideology
Four core capabilities: provide, facilitate, care, advise
Religious pluralism in the armed forces; more than 200 faith traditions
Protecting sacraments, holy days, and dietary practices in deployment settings
Facilitating worship for traditions not one's own
Confidential communication and priest-penitent privilege across beliefs
"There is 100 percent confidentiality."
Advising commanders on ethics, conscience, and moral complexity
Early overwork, burnout, and lack of pastoral identity
Mentorship and formation in the first years of service
"What is your theology of ministry?"
Doctor of Ministry studies and theological self-understanding
Afghanistan deployment as convergence of preparation and calling
"There wasn't a day… that I didn't have a sense that God had prepared me for that particular moment."
Retirement discernment and formation of Virtue in Practice
Unexpected invitation to serve as Chaplain of the House
Bipartisan search process and interview experience
Ministry of presence during extended floor sessions and late-night votes
January 6: emergency, prayer, and calm in uncertainty
"It is the ninety-nine who were leaving the room that needed the shepherd."
Daily opening prayer as constitutional tradition since 1789
1774 Continental Congress and Psalm 35 as precedent
Political interpretation of prayer across American history
"Pray for and not pray on the members."
Crafting public prayer that blesses without excluding
"God is on his throne. He hasn't stepped down."
#MargaretGrunKibben #HouseChaplain #FaithAndLeadership #MinistryOfPresence #MilitaryChaplaincy #Prayer #ChristianVocation #Conversing
Production Credits
Conversing is produced and distributed in partnership with Comment magazine and Fuller Seminary.