Super Data Science: ML & AI Podcast with Jon Krohn

Dr. Catherine Williams, Chief Data Officer at the nonprofit Candid, was solving black-hole equations with pen and paper before she ever wrote a line of code. She earned a PhD in math researching general relativity and black holes, did postdocs at Stanford and Columbia and then became one of the very first data scientists, joining AppNexus back in 2012, around the same time “data scientist” became a job title at all. In this episode, she traces the field’s evolution from Bayesian models to BERT to today’s LLMs, and makes a compelling case that going deep on the underlying math matters more than ever, even now that AI can do the math for you.

Additional materials: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.superdatascience.com/1011⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

Interested in sponsoring a SuperDataScience Podcast episode? Email natalie@superdatascience.com for sponsorship information.

In this episode you will learn:

(02:40) Catherine’s black hole and general relativity research

(13:18) The intellectual habits that carried from math into leadership

(16:14) Whether deep math still matters in the age of LLMs

(44:10) The BERT moment and the embeddings revolution

(48:22) Why frontier capability keeps getting cheaper

(57:54) Catherine’s leadership advice: think one level up

In Episode #1010, Jon Krohn digs into “the advisor strategy”, a clever pattern that pairs a fast, cheap executor model with a frontier-class advisor it can consult mid-task, all inside a single API call. Every agent builder faces the same tension: frontier models plan best but cost too much to run on every turn, while small models fumble the decisions that matter. Anthropic’s advisor tool resolves it with roughly a one-line code change, and the benchmarks are startling: Sonnet with an Opus advisor scored higher than Sonnet alone while costing 11.9% less, and Haiku’s BrowseComp score more than doubled at 85% lower cost than Sonnet solo. Jon covers the newest Fable 5 numbers, the practical gotchas, how it differs from OpenAI’s router and why AI progress is now as much about composing models as training bigger ones.

Additional materials:⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠www.superdatascience.com/1010⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

Interested in sponsoring a SuperDataScience Podcast episode? Email natalie@superdatascience.com for sponsorship information.

In Episode #1009, Steve Mock (investor at Blumberg Capital, five-time entrepreneur and creator of aisavedme.org), joins Jon Krohn to explore the quiet layer of everyday AI adoption that rarely gets documented. After his 84-year-old father asked a deceptively simple question, “How does one use AI?”, Steve built a place for people to share how AI is actually helping them. The stories that came in surprised him: they’re rarely about the technology and almost always about human outcomes, caregiving, communication, learning, confidence and connection.

Additional materials: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.superdatascience.com/1009⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

Interested in sponsoring a SuperDataScience Podcast episode? Email natalie@superdatascience.com for sponsorship information.

In this episode you will learn:

(02:02) Where “AI Saved Me” came from, an 84-year-old dad’s simple question

(14:27) The healthcare pattern, using AI to become your own advocate

(22:37) The education pattern, personalized study and simulated office hours

(27:33) The fulfillment pattern, offloading grunt work to focus on what matters

(43:07) Building the whole site as a non-programmer

(50:14) The investor’s lens, vertical AI and the “data flywheel” moat

In Episode #1008, Jon Krohn digs into Anthropic's 35-page Founder's Playbook and pulls out the practical guidance for each of its four startup stages: Idea, MVP, Launch and Scale. AI has erased the three bottlenecks that historically gated company-building — capital, headcount and technical skill — turning the founder from individual contributor into an "orchestrator of agents." Along the way, Jon covers the trap of mistaking building for validating, using AI as a structured devil's advocate against your own idea, the compounding danger of "agentic technical debt," two litmus tests for real product-market fit, and the three-layer moat that keeps a well-funded incumbent from copying you. His takeaway: this is classic lean-startup discipline, updated for an era where execution is cheap and judgment is the scarce resource.

Additional materials:⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠www.superdatascience.com/1008⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

Interested in sponsoring a SuperDataScience Podcast episode? Email natalie@superdatascience.com for sponsorship information.

Benjamin Todd, co-founder and President of 80,000 Hours and author of the new Penguin Random House book 80,000 Hours: How to Have a Fulfilling Career That Does Good, joins Jon Krohn for a major update on career strategy in the AI era, his first appearance since before ChatGPT existed. Ben explains why “follow your passion” is backwards and why rare, valuable skills used to help others are what actually generate lasting fulfillment, the ABZ framework for planning under deep uncertainty, why the only durable move is to keep shifting onto whatever bottleneck AI can’t yet clear, and how a human-level digital worker becomes superhuman almost immediately. He and Jon also map the risk landscape, power-seeking AI, extreme power concentration, engineered pandemics, gradual disempowerment, and S-risks, before landing on a hopeful, actionable note: your career is a bigger lever than ever.

Additional materials: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.superdatascience.com/1007⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

Interested in sponsoring a SuperDataScience Podcast episode? Email natalie@superdatascience.com for sponsorship information.

In this episode you will learn:


(06:44) The ABZ framework for career planning under deep uncertainty


(14:30) Why “follow your passion” is backwards and what builds fulfillment instead


(20:52) The moving bottleneck: how to stay valuable as AI keeps improving


(29:54) Why a human-level digital worker becomes superhuman almost immediately


(51:11) Power-seeking AI and extreme power concentration


(1:16:11) Why your career is a bigger lever than ever