Conservation and Science

This episode features one of the most important conversations about hunting and impacts on nature that I can remember in 10 years of making the podcast. It's not surprising though as our guest today is a long-time supporter and friend of the podcast, Tony Bynum. Tony is an accomplished wildlife photographer who spent 15 years travelling the world photographing people hunting. He is a geographer by training with a master's degree in science and has managed scientific projects across the United States. He also worked in two presidential administrations at the Environmental Protection Agency. On top of all that, Tony is a lifelong hunter and angler with Native American heritage that deeply influences his approach to conservation and land ethics.
Our conversation starts with a famous quote from José Ortega y Gasset suggesting that photography can never replace hunting because one is mere observation and the other is participation. Tony challenges this view with a perspective I hadn't considered before. Are photographers really just observers? What personal decisions has Tony made about his own photography as a result of his views? And how do traditional stories shape our connection to the land and the animals we pursue? You'll have to listen to find out.
We also discuss the difference between transactional and value-based approaches to hunting, the role of visual art in conservation and the problematic influence of social media on outdoor pursuits. Tony's message about doing something for what you love, rather than just loving it, runs through everything we discuss. His thoughts on raising his three daughters with outdoor experiences, without pushing them to become environmentalists, offer valuable insights for anyone who cares about passing on a connection to nature.
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Can holistic grazing systems restore degraded hillsides and create profitable farms? How can local food systems and venison products revitalise struggling rural communities? Is it possible to farm with nature rather than against it and still make a living? These are the questions we explore in our conversation with John Duffy from Future Oak Farm, who returned to County Donegal after a career in oil and gas to transform his family's traditional sheep farm into a model of regenerative agriculture.
John left Donegal at 17 because he couldn't see a future in traditional farming. After 16 years working in civil engineering, mining and oil and gas exploration across Europe, the Middle East and Africa, he returned home following an industry downturn and his father's death. What brought him back wasn't nostalgia but a vision for a different kind of agriculture. Inspired by Allan Savory's holistic management and the predator-prey dynamics he'd seen in David Attenborough documentaries, John began experimenting with bunched livestock grazing that mimics natural herbivore behaviour. The results transformed not just the land but the economic viability of hill farming in one of Ireland's most challenging landscapes.
Our conversation covers habitat recovery, woodland regeneration, deer management and the creation of Wild & Co, John's venison product company that's building shorter supply chains and retaining more value in rural communities. We also discuss the fragility of long supply chains, the disconnect in Ireland's food system where 70% of consumed beef is imported despite producing enough to feed ourselves three times over and why John believes the innovation needed for Irish agriculture will come from the challenging farming conditions of the West of Ireland. John offers a practical vision for how farming can support both nature and thriving rural communities.
Further reading:
Wild & Co | Wild Irish Venison Protein Snacks
Future Oak Farm
Future Oak Farm | Instagram
Wild & Co | Instagram

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The guest featured in this episode paid a nominal guesting fee. This fee did not directly influence the content of the episode. The guest had no editorial control, did not review the episode before publication, and did not influence the questions asked during the interview.

How do rural communities prepare for climate change when global commitment seems to be wavering? What does real climate adaptation look like on the ground? Can local knowledge be as valuable as academic expertise when it comes to building resilient communities? These are the questions we tackle in this special episode, which launches a new series following a two-year Community Climate Adaptation Training and Mentoring Programme in Kerry.
Today I'm joined by six guests. John Loughrey from NEWKD explains how the LEADER programme evolved from having one small climate sub-theme to making it a major focus. Micheál Ó Cóileáin, Mary Kiernan, Thomas O'Connor, Niamh Ní Dhúill and Catríona Fallon from Transition Kerry share their experiences working on these issues since 2007. Together, NEWKD and Transition Kerry developed an ambitious programme to work with local communities across Co. Kerry. Our conversation covers everything from the practical details of the programme to the philosophy behind it, including wisdom about using your head, heart and hands to create the future you want.
This is the first episode in a series where we'll be following the programme over the next two years. We'll be speaking with participants and community leaders as they work through the various phases of capacity building, from initial meetings through to implementing climate adaptation projects in their own communities.
To sign up or find out more, contact [email protected]
or go to www.adaptationkerry.transitionkerry.org
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What if the world's most powerful climate solution is being logged away while politicians and industry groups feed us misinformation? How can an ecosystem store three times more carbon per acre than the Amazon rainforest? Why has the international science community remained largely silent about the destruction of temperate rainforests? Our conversation with Paul Koberstein, co-author of "Canopy of Titans - The Life and Times of the Great North American Temperate Rainforest" tackles these urgent questions head-on. The Great North American temperate rainforest stretches 2,500 miles from northern California to Alaska, making it the largest intact temperate rainforest on Earth. Yet this carbon-dense ecosystem faces ongoing threats from industrial logging, greenwashing campaigns, and policy decisions that prioritise short-term profits over long-term climate stability.
Paul shares his journey from camping beneath old-growth Douglas firs as a child to becoming an investigative environmental journalist covering forest issues for over 40 years. Our conversation examines the troubling parallels between the timber industry's tactics and those employed by fossil fuel and tobacco companies. We discuss how scientists like Dr Beverly Law faced persecution for publishing research on how forests benefit the climate. Paul explains the "global blind spot" that has allowed temperate rainforest logging to continue largely unchallenged, even as the international community rallies to protect tropical rainforests. The book reveals how industry-funded research has shaped policy debates and obscured the true climate impact of logging these ancient forests.
Despite the sobering realities, Paul offers hope through examples of successful grassroots activism. When thousands of people raised their voices against Drax's expansion into California, the project was cancelled. Our conversation also touches on the dramatic shift in US climate policy under different administrations and what this means for forest protection efforts globally. Paul's advice is clear: to save a forest, you must work at it every day, but to destroy it, you only need to do it once. This episode is essential listening for anyone who cares about climate action, forest conservation, and cutting through corporate greenwashing.
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The guest featured in this episode paid a nominal guesting fee. This fee did not directly influence the content of the episode. The guest had no editorial...

Can we find a middle ground between those who see the EU's wolf downlisting as a catastrophe and those who celebrate it as good news? The debate around wolf conservation in the EU has become frustratingly polarised, with both sides 'crying wolf' about the consequences of changing protection status. It's time to step back and look at the evidence.
When dealing with controversial subjects like this, it is important to be factual and follow the evidence. So I was delighted to have the opportunity to talk about it with Dr Hanna Pettersson, one of the most prominent early career voices in interdisciplinary conservation. Hanna is the lead author of a paper titled 'Now What? The Conundrum of Successful Recovery of Wolves and Other Species for European Conservation', co-authored with Professor Erica von Essen, who was also a guest on the acclaimed episode 163.
During our conversation, we discuss the success conundrum in conservation, the difference between ecological and social carrying capacity, and why we need to think about future pathways rather than looking back. We also talk about the role of legal hunting in reducing poaching and the importance of working with local communities who have lived alongside wolves for generations. Of course, there are larger systemic issues underneath and we don't shy away from discussing those as well, including inequality as a driver of biodiversity loss.
Further reading:
Now What? The Conundrum of Successful Recovery of Wolves and Other Species for European Conservation
Time to stop crying wolf – on both sides of the debate - Stockholm Resilience Centre

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