Weather Geeks

Guest: Dr. Dillon Amaya
The Pacific Ocean covers nearly a third of our planet, and yet some of its most important changes happen far from shore and often out of sight. But whether it's a developing El Niño, a cooling La Niña, or an expansive marine heat wave, what happens in the Pacific can influence weather, ecosystems, and communities around the world. Today on Weather Geeks, we're joined by Dillon Amaya, whose research focuses on the complex relationship between the ocean and the atmosphere. We'll explore the growing scientific interest in Pacific marine heat waves, what we've learned from some of the most notable events in recent years, and how these episodes can ripple through both weather and climate systems.
Chapters
00:00 Introduction to Marine Heat Waves
02:32 Dylan Amaya's Journey into Meteorology
05:34 Understanding Marine Heat Waves
08:48 Marine Heat Waves vs. Ocean Warming
11:38 Impact of Marine Heat Waves on Weather
13:37 Break 1
13:39 Marine Heat Waves and El Niño
17:45 Causes and Effects of Marine Heat Waves
20:54 Ocean Temperature Changes and Jet Stream Dynamics
22:11 Marine Heat Waves and Climate Variability
23:59 Ecosystem Impacts of Marine Heat Waves
25:41 Coral Reefs and Marine Heat Waves
27:17 Global Hot Spots for Marine Heat Waves
28:05 Break 2
28:06 Understanding Atlantic Niña and Its Effects
30:32 European Heat Waves and Ocean Anomalies
31:37 Surprising Discoveries in Marine Heat Wave Research
34:13 Climate Change and Ocean Temperature Trends
36:22 Future Research Directions in Marine Heat Waves
37:41 Machine Learning in Marine Heat Wave Forecasting

Resources
NOAA PSL Marine Heat Waves Forecast System - https://psl.noaa.gov/marine-heatwaves/
NOAA Ocean Temperature Monitoring - https://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/GODAS/
El Nino and La Nina Explained - NOAA - https://oceantoday.noaa.gov/elninolanina/
Marine Blob Tracker - NOAA - https://www.integratedecosystemassessment.noaa.gov/regions/california-current/california-current-marine-heatwave-tracker-blobtracker
Scripps Institution of Oceanography - https://scripps.ucsd.edu/

Guest links
LinkedIn - linkedin.com/in/dillon-j-amaya-2bb2a892
Twitter - https://twitter.com/dillonamaya
North Carolina State University - Dillon Amaya Profile - https://meas.sciences.ncsu.edu/people/djamaya/
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Guest: Craig Setzer
When most people think of meteorology, they think of forecasts on television, hurricane updates, or severe weather warnings. But some meteorologists work in places most of us rarely consider—guiding ships across vast oceans, helping industries make critical weather decisions, and even reconstructing past weather events to answer important questions long after the skies have cleared. Today on Weather Geeks, we're joined by maritime meteorologist Craig Setzer. Throughout his career, Craig has helped bridge the worlds of weather, ocean navigation, and risk management, providing forecasts and expertise for operations that depend on understanding conditions far from land. We'll explore the unique challenges of forecasting weather at sea, how the cruise industry uses meteorological information to keep passengers and crews safe, and the fascinating field of forensic meteorology—where weather data, observations, and science are used to piece together what happened during past events.
Chapters
00:00 Introduction to Maritime Meteorology
05:31 Differences Between Maritime and TV Forecasting
08:32 Cruise Industry and Weather Disruptions
10:27 Operational Decisions During Hurricanes
12:38 Pressure and Responsibilities of a Maritime Meteorologist
15:16 Legal Considerations in Maritime Operations
16:42 Other Weather Hazards in Maritime Forecasting
18:55 The Impact of Meteorology on Cruise Experiences
20:51 The Value of Weather in Maritime Safety
21:16 Break 1
21:17 Introduction to Forensic Meteorology
22:05 Craig Setzer's Background and Expertise
23:36 Understanding Forensic Meteorology
25:09 The Role of Captains and Meteorologists
26:40 Clients and Cases in Forensic Meteorology
28:22 Challenges in Weather Data Analysis
30:28 The Importance of Buoy Data
32:12 Historical Data from Ships
33:38 Break 2
33:38 Hurricane Forecasting and the Cone
39:01 Communication in Meteorology
40:21 Advice for Future Meteorologists

Resources
Royal Caribbean Group - https://www.royalcaribbean.com/
NOAA Buoy Data Center - https://www.ndbc.noaa.gov/
Metropolitan State University of Denver - https://www.msudenver.edu/
University of Oklahoma - https://www.ou.edu/

Guest links
LinkedIn - linkedin.com/in/craig-setzer-ccm-03095422a
Twitter - https://twitter.com/craigsetzer

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Guest: Tim Gallaudet
The ocean shapes our weather, our climate, our economy, and ultimately, life on Earth itself. And yet, for something so vast and so essential, there’s still so much we’re only beginning to understand. Today on Weather Geeks, we’re joined by Dr. Tim Gallaudet—oceanographer, former NOAA administrator, and longtime advocate for advancing ocean science and literacy. His new book takes readers deep into the challenges, discoveries, and opportunities tied to the future of our oceans, while also reflecting on the leadership and innovation needed to better understand and protect them. We’ll talk about the inspiration behind the book, the emerging technologies transforming ocean research, and why collaboration and communication may be just as important as the science itself when it comes to shaping the future of ocean stewardship.
Chapters
00:00 Introduction to Ocean's Role in Earth's Climate
00:47 Dr. Gallaudet's Background and Ocean Passion
01:48 From Coast to Navy: A Dual Passion for Fluids
02:48 Career Highlights and Leadership in the Navy
07:22 Serving as NOAA Deputy and Leading Through Challenges
09:32 Motivation Behind Writing 'Holding Fast in Heavy Seas'
11:31 Break 1
11:32 Stories of Leadership and Resilience
15:09 Advances in Ocean Mapping and Research Initiatives
17:35 Bipartisan Support and Environmental Wins
21:14 Leadership Pillars: All In, All Good, All For One
21:44 Break 2
21:46 Coral Reefs: Biodiversity, Protection, and Economic Impact
28:20 The Role of Private Sector in Ocean and Climate Science
31:02 UAPs and the Quest for Scientific Truth
33:55 Where to Find the Book and Future Research Directions

Resources
Holding Fast in Heavy Seas by Tim Gallaudet - https://www.amazon.com/Holding-Fast-Heavy-Seas-
NOAA - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - https://www.noaa.gov
Ocean STL Consulting, LLC - https://oceanstl.com

Guest links
Website - https://timgallaudet.com
Twitter - https://twitter.com/TimGallaudet

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Guest: Dr. Amanda Staudt
We live in an era where the weather is breaking records, reshaping economies, and dominating global headlines. Navigating this rapidly changing landscape requires a unique blend of cutting-edge science, public trust, and bold leadership. As the newly appointed Executive Director of the American Meteorological Society, Dr. Amanda Staudt is stepping into the helm at a pivotal moment. From the rapid integration of artificial intelligence in forecasting to the battle against climate misinformation, she is tasked with guiding the scientific community into the future. Today, we’re sitting down with Dr. Staudt to discuss her vision for the future of meteorology, how AMS is adapting to the AI revolution, and what it takes to inspire the next generation of weather and climate professionals.
Chapters
00:00 Introduction and Amanda Staudt's background
00:50 How Amanda became a weather enthusiast
04:02 AMS's history and Amanda's leadership role
04:58 Bridging academia, government, and private sector
07:42 AMS's publications, conferences, and programs
10:46 The new AI-focused journal and its significance
14:57 AMS's role in policy and advocacy
15:46 Break 1
20:01 Communicating science to policymakers and the public
25:00 The importance of conferences and professional development
27:47 Break 2
30:00 Future vision for AMS and the evolving weather enterprise
33:55 AMS's organizational structure and volunteer engagement
36:43 Closing remarks and gratitude

Resources
American Meteorological Society (AMS) - https://www.ametsoc.org
AMS Journals - https://www.ametsoc.org/ams/index.cfm/publications/journals/
Climate Crossroads Congressional Fellowship - https://www.nationalacademies.org/programs/NRCEO-CCX-23-P-56
AI in Environmental Systems Journal - https://www.ametsoc.org/ams/publications/journals/artificial-intelligence-for-the-earth-systems/
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine - https://www.nationalacademies.org

Guest Links
LinkedIn - linkedin.com/in/amanda-staudt-27ba22b8
Twitter - https://twitter.com/amandastaudt
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Guest: Amber Sullins, Chief Meteorologist at ABC15
When most people think about dangerous weather, they think about hurricanes, tornadoes, or blizzards. But in the deserts of the Southwest, one of the most impactful—and often overlooked—hazards can arrive as a towering wall of dust. Today on Weather Geeks, we're joined by Amber Sullins, a longtime Arizona meteorologist who has spent her career helping people navigate everything from extreme heat and monsoon storms to the massive dust storms that have become synonymous with life in the desert Southwest. We'll talk about her journey forecasting some of the country's most unique weather, and we'll take a deep dive into the development of the new PHX-DUST scale—a groundbreaking effort designed to classify dust storms and better communicate their impacts to the public. From the science behind the scale to the challenges of translating complex research into actionable information, we'll explore how meteorologists are working to improve awareness and resilience in the face of one of Arizona's signature weather threats.
Chapters
00:00 Introduction to Dust Storms in the Southwest
01:00 Amber Sullins' Journey in Meteorology
02:21 Unique Weather Challenges in Arizona
03:22 Forecasting Monsoon and Dust Storms
05:05 Factors Influencing Dust Storm Severity
07:16 Impact of Water Scarcity on Dust Storms
08:40 Health Risks from Dust Storm Particulates
10:33 Types of Dust Storms and Their Detection
14:15 Break 1
14:18 Development of the Phoenix Dust Scale
17:02 Using Air Quality Data for Dust Severity
20:27 Safety Tips for Dust Storms
22:11 Assessing Dust Storm Intensity Quickly
24:17 Applicability of the Dust Scale Elsewhere
25:19 Break 2
28:37 Sharing the Dust Scale with the Public
30:01 Acceptance and Validation of the Scale
32:41 Future Weather Challenges in Arizona
33:40 Upcoming Weather Events and Outlook

Resources
phoenixdust.asu.edu - https://phoenixdust.asu.edu
American Meteorological Society - https://www.ametsoc.org
Arizona State University - https://www.asu.edu
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