In this episode of Behind the Latch, Margaret Salty interviews Maya Nakamura, CNM, PhD(c)—a midwife researcher from Sapporo, Japan—about her work on nipple trauma and her recent study on silver nipple protectors. Maya shares how years of bedside experience, watching mothers struggle with painful nipple damage, pushed her into research and innovation in clinical assessment (including AI-based image analysis) and practical tools that may reduce pain and promote healing. Together, they explore how culture, access, and methodology shape nipple-trauma research; what we do and don’t yet know about silver nipple protectors; and how IBCLCs can translate emerging evidence into compassionate, realistic care for families. Maya also talks about the realities of conducting trials in Japan (declining birth rates, ethics, and single-site constraints), and why standardized outcome measures are critical for future meta-analyses. They discuss:Why study nipple trauma? Night-shift realities, mother distress, and the limits of common “friction-reduction” hacks that sparked formal inquiry. Silver nipple protectors 101: what they are, how they’re used postpartum, and potential mechanisms (barrier + moisture + antimicrobial silver). Study design trade-offs: why a non-randomized comparative design with historical controls was chosen, and steps taken to minimize bias. Key findings from Maya’s trial: reductions in severe nipple trauma indicators and day-4 pain—alongside a clean safety profile in the study setting. Real-world considerations: availability in Japan, cost barriers (≈¥10,000) and ideas like unit-level lending to improve access. What’s next: the call for standardized criteria, longer follow-up, comparisons with other treatments, and the promise (and limits) of AI for consistent nipple-trauma classification. Maya emphasizes a practical, parent-centered approach: protect the nipple, relieve pain, and sustain breastfeeding—while staying honest about evidence gaps and equity barriers in accessing devices and follow-up care. Guest InfoMaya Nakamura, CNM, PhD(c)Midwife & doctoral researcher (Sapporo, Japan)Focus: nipple-trauma classification, wound-care adjuncts, and AI-assisted assessment in lactation care. Publications: Nipple Skin Trauma in Breastfeeding Women During Postpartum Week One. , Breastfeeding Medicine, Nakamura M, Asaka Y, Ogawara T, Yorozu Y, 2018 Sep;13(7):479-484.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326818739_Nipple_Skin_Trauma_in_Breastfeeding_Women_During_Postpartum_Week_One・An evaluation of the signs of nipple trauma associated with breastfeeding: A Delphi Study, Journal of human lactation, Maya Nakamura, Yoko Asaka, 2022 Feb; 38(3) 548–558. DOI: 10.1177/08903344221076527journals.sagepub.com/home/jhlhttps://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/08903344221076527・Effectiveness of moisturizing therapy in treating nipple trauma: a systematic review protocol, BMJ Open, Nakamura M, Luo Y, Ebina Y. 2024;14:e083389. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-083389