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Many young Brits are buying binoculars in hopes of encountering one of nature's most physically and audibly beautiful creatures - birds. You might think of birdwatching as an old-fashioned pastime most often enjoyed by the generations before you, but surveys conducted by the RSPB show a 47% increase in participation overall, with an even higher 1,088% surge by Gen Zers. So why do so many young people want to flock to the park to watch birds?
许多英国年轻人购买双筒望远镜，希望能邂逅自然界中最美丽、最美丽的生物之一——鸟类。 您可能认为观鸟是您的前几代人最常享受的一种老式消遣，但 RSPB 进行的调查显示，观鸟总体参与度增加了 47%，其中 Z 世代的参与度增幅甚至更高，高达 1,088%。 那么为什么这么多年轻人愿意涌入公园观鸟呢？

A group leader at RSPB Bristol highlighted how many students have joined his outings. He mentioned that some who join have 'never been out in their local nature spaces' and 'want to explore'. He added that the diversity of species you can find is impressive 'considering it's so urban' around the city. There is also the rise of a desire to disconnect from technology and go outside, or as Gen Z would call it touch grass, to help with mental health. Research from the University of Surrey has looked at how bird sounds restore attention and even alleviate stress.
布里斯托尔皇家鸟类保护协会的一位小组负责人强调了有多少学生参加了他的郊游活动。 他提到，一些加入的人“从未去过当地的自然空间”并且“想要探索”。 他补充说，“考虑到城市周围是如此城市化”，你可以发现的物种多样性令人印象深刻。 人们越来越渴望摆脱科技的束缚，到户外去，或者正如 Z 世代所说的“接触草地”，以帮助心理健康。 萨里大学的研究探讨了鸟叫声如何恢复注意力，甚至缓解压力。

Ironically, when interviewed by BBC Bristol, individuals mentioned how phones and social media have actually helped encourage the hype of this hobby. There are now a variety of apps in which you can record a birdsong and have it instantly identified. People also use social media to share knowledge and location for birds. A phenomenon known as 'bioblitzing', a combination of bio and blitzing, has emerged. This is when a walker documents as many birds and other species of animals as they can within a limited amount of time. It has been said to create a safe space in which birdwatchers can get into friendly competitions over who can spot the most! Furthermore, a buzz around the birdwatching hashtag has cultivated humour around turning 30 and entering your 'birdwatching era'.
具有讽刺意味的是，在接受 BBC 布里斯托尔采访时，人们提到手机和社交媒体实际上有助于鼓励这种爱好的炒作。 现在有多种应用程序可以让您录制鸟鸣声并立即识别。 人们还使用社交媒体分享鸟类的知识和位置。 一种被称为“生物闪电战”的现象已经出现，它是生物和闪电战的结合。 这是指步行者在有限的时间内记录尽可能多的鸟类和其他动物种类。 据说，它创造了一个安全的空间，观鸟者可以在其中进行友好的竞赛，看看谁能发现最多！ 此外，围绕观鸟主题标签的热潮在 30 岁左右进入“观鸟时代”培养了幽默感。

Whether it's the chance to reconnect with nature, improve mental wellbeing, or join a growing online community, birdwatching is no longer seen as a hobby reserved for older generations. Young people are embracing it in record numbers, using both technology and the outdoors to discover the wildlife on their doorstep. From identifying birdsongs with apps to competing in bioblitzing challenges, a modern twist has transformed the pastime into something fresh and accessible. It seems that for Gen Z and young millennials alike, birdwatching has become a hoot.
无论是重新接触大自然、改善心理健康还是加入不断发展的在线社区的机会，观鸟不再被视为老一辈人的爱好。 越来越多的年轻人热衷于利用科技和户外活动来探索家门口的野生动物。 从使用应用程序识别鸟鸣声到参加生物闪电战挑战，现代的转变已将这种消遣变成了新鲜且易于理解的东西。 对于 Z 世代和年轻的千禧一代来说，观鸟似乎已经成为一种热门话题。

Researchers at this camp overlooking Greenland's Helheim Glacier have some bad news.
俯瞰格陵兰赫尔海姆冰川的营地研究人员带来了一些坏消息。

This glacier has retreated more than 10 kilometers or so in the last decade or so, from that position far off and to my left to where you see it today.
这条冰川在过去十多年间已退缩了10公里左右，从我左侧远处的位置退到了如今你们所见的地方。

It was here in 2018 that researchers captured this footage of large chunks of ice breaking away in a process called calving.
2018年，研究人员正是在这里拍摄到了大块冰体断裂脱落的画面，这一过程被称为裂冰作用。

Scientists like New York University's David Holland measured and observed climate change. This summer Holland saw record-shattering heat and ice melt.
纽约大学的戴维·霍兰德等科学家对气候变化进行了测量和观察。今年夏天霍兰德目睹了破纪录的高温和冰层融化现象。

Large glaciers are retreating. We can detect this with satellite, with effectively cameras in space.
大型冰川正在消退，我们可以通过卫星，也就是太空中的高效摄像头，观测到这一现象。

And we're seeing a very large signal of melt coming from this one particular glacier out in West Antarctica called Thwaites.
我们正观测到来自南极洲西部斯维斯冰川发出的非常强烈的融化信号。

NASA and the European Space Agency or ESA released the study in December
美国国家航空航天局（NASA）和欧洲航天局（ESA）于12月发布了这项研究，

showing the Greenland icesheetrapidly melting, having lost nearly four trillion metric tons between 1992 and 2018.
研究显示格陵兰冰盖正在迅速融化，在1992年至2018年期间已损失了近4万亿公吨。

Holland says a similar fate appears underway in Antarctica.
霍兰德说南极洲也出现了类似的情况。

That glacier is holding back several other glaciers of the West Antarctic IceSheet.
那座冰川阻挡着南极西部冰盖的其他几座冰川。

So all told, it is conceivable and not that it will happen but it could happen, that up to 3 meters of global sea level could be unleashed unto us.
综上所述，可以想象——虽然并非必然发生但确实存在可能性——全球海平面上升幅度可能高达3米。

Cities like Alexandria, Egypt take countermeasures to slow crashing waves because of rising sea levels near ice shelves affect sea levels everywhere.
由于冰架附近海平面上升会影响全球海平面，埃及亚历山大等城市采取应对措施以减缓海浪冲击。

Warmer waters around retreating glaciers like the one in Antarctica expedite the process.
南极洲等地冰川消退，周围水域温度上升，进而加速了这一过程。

This glacier is perhaps unstable. It is certainly retreating now at a rapid rate.
这座冰川或许不稳定。它现在确实在快速消退。

It has raised its stuff to the point of now using physics, mathematics and observation.
它已将研究提升至运用物理学、数学和观测的层面。

It's actually credible, plausible that this thing could cause a major change in sea level.
实际上可信的是，这可能导致海平面发生重大变化。

A study published April in the journal Nature showed glaciers worldwide annually lose 369 billion metric tons of snow and ice.
《自然》杂志四月发表的一项研究显示，全球冰川每年流失3690亿吨冰雪。

The Greenland icesheetalone holds enough water to raise sea level by nearly seven and a half meters.
仅格陵兰冰盖所含的水量就足以使海平面上升近7.5米。

Sibongile Zulu is among the 7.7 million south Africans who are HIV positive.
西邦吉莱·祖鲁是770万感染艾滋病毒的南非人中的一员。

She takes a cocktail of antiretroviral drugs to suppress the virus.
她服用了一组抗逆转录病毒药物来抑制病毒。

When south Africa imposed a coronavirus lockdown in March, Zulu lost her job.
当南非在3月份实施新冠疫情封锁措施时，祖鲁失去了工作。

Weeks later her local clinic began to run short of some medication.
几周后，当地的诊所开始出现药物短缺。

I think for two months, I was using only one that I was supposed to use two. And if I don't use both of them, it's a big risk and I can get sick.
我想有两个月的时间，我只服用了一种药物，而我应该服用两种。如果我不同时服用两种药物，风险很大，我可能会生病。

Across the world doctors say the coronavirus pandemic and the subsequent lockdowns will likely hamper the fight against other killer diseases like tuberculosis or TB, malaria and HIV.
世界各地的医生表示，新冠疫情大流行以及随后实施的封锁措施可能会阻碍对抗结核病、疟疾和艾滋病等其他致命疾病的斗争。

Epidemiologist Dr Salim S. Abdool Karim advises the south African government on the coronavirus and has led research into other infectious diseases in Africa.
流行病学家萨利姆·阿卜杜尔·卡里姆博士就新冠疫情为南非政府提供建议，并领导了非洲其他传染病的研究。

People are scared to go to healthcare services. We have seen a decline in the number of tests for tuberculosis.
人们害怕去医疗服务机构。我们看到结核病检测数量有所下降。

We've seen a decline in the number of patients coming in to get their medications.
我们已经看到前来取药的患者数量有所下降。

So that's of deep concern because it could undo the years of work that it has taken us to get to this point.
这让人深感担忧，因为这可能会让我们多年来为达到目前这一阶段所付出的努力付诸东流。

TB cases and deaths have fallen year on year in south Africa and many other countries.
南非和许多其他国家的结核病病例和死亡人数同比下降。

But it remains one of the world's biggest killers with an estimated 1.5 million deaths last year.
但它仍是世界上最致命的疾病之一，去年估计有150万人因此丧生。
We know there's 50% decrease in TB testing in south Africa at the moment.
我们知道，目前南非的结核病检测量下降了50%。

So people are not able to go to the clinic or go to hospitals and so on.
人们无法前往诊所或医院等等。

And they're not being diagnosed with TB, and this means that they can then transmit TB further to other people. So it's just going to sort of snowball.
他们没有被诊断出患有结核病，这意味着他们随后可能会将结核病进一步传染给其他人。情况就会像滚雪球一样越来越糟。

Malaria deaths in Africa could double in 2020 warn researchers from Imperial College London, unless disrupted services such as mosquito net distribution and malaria treatments are maintained.
伦敦帝国理工学院的研究人员警告称，除非蚊帐分发和疟疾治疗等中断的服务得以维持，否则2020年非洲的疟疾死亡人数可能会翻倍。

Despite thedireforecasts, Karim says there is opportunity.
尽管预测情况严峻，但卡里姆表示仍存在机遇。

The opportunity to look at integration, integration between covid, HIV, TB and other conditions.
这个机遇在于审视整合，即新冠、艾滋病、结核病和其他疾病之间的整合。

So that when we are investing for our coronavirus vigilance, we are benefiting not just the covid epidemic, but the epidemics of HIV and TB as well.
当我们为应对新冠病毒保持警惕而投入资源时，受益的不仅是新冠疫情防控，还有艾滋病和结核病的防控。

The global community must look at the bigger picture, says McQuaid.
麦奎德说，国际社会必须着眼大局。

We start to lose gains that we've been making in recent years, hard-fought gains that we've made.
我们开始失去近年来取得的成果，那些我们经过艰苦努力才取得的成果。

And we could be pushed back five, ten, twenty years even.
我们的成果甚至会倒退五年、十年、二十年。

Huge resources have been dedicated to the fight against the coronavirus.
大量资源被用于抗击冠状病毒。

Doctors say it's vital that other deadly diseases are not neglected.
医生表示，至关重要的是不能忽视其他致命疾病。

A busy summer of space travel came to a soft splashing end this week for astronauts Bob Behnken and Doug Hurley.
对于宇航员鲍勃·本肯和道格·赫尔利来说，他们忙碌的夏季太空旅行在本周以柔和的溅落着陆画上了句号。

It was the first splashdown by US astronauts in 45 years.
这是美国宇航员45年来首次溅落着陆。

As we descended through the atmosphere, the thrusters were firing almost continuously.
当我们穿过大气层下降时，推进器几乎一直在点火。

And I think this the sound that makes, I did record some audio of it, but it doesn't sound like a machine, it sounds like an animal.
我认为这是它发出的声音，我确实录下了一些音频，但听起来不像机器发出的，倒像是动物发出的。

The reentry is a fairly dynamic event and you can see from you know just an overall view of the capsule that reentry is a pretty demanding environment, you know with the different scorches on the vehicle and the windows were not spared any of that.
再入大气层是一个相当动态的事件，从太空舱的整体情况来看，再入大气层是一个相当严苛的环境，飞行器上有不同的烧灼痕迹，舷窗也未能幸免。

The two rode a SpaceX Dragon capsule to the ISS and back, marking the first such journey aboard a privately built and owned craft in the space station's 20-year history.
两人乘坐太空探索技术公司（SpaceX）的“龙”飞船前往国际空间站并返回，这标志着在国际空间站20年的历史中，首次有人员搭乘私人建造和拥有的航天器完成此类太空之旅。

The mission's success means another SpaceX crew launch could happen as early as next month with possible tourist flights next year.
此次任务的成功意味着SpaceX公司可能最早在下个月再次进行载人发射，明年还有可能开展旅游飞行。

Also this week from Cape Canaveral in Florida, NASA launched Perseverance, its most elaborate life-seeking Mars rover.
同样在本周，美国国家航空航天局（NASA）从佛罗里达州的卡纳维拉尔角发射了“毅力号”，这是其最精密的寻找生命的火星车。

Research scientist Dr Bethany Ehlmann explains the mission.
研究科学家贝尚妮·埃尔曼博士解释了这项任务。

We will be able to as before with rovers drive up to rocks, investigate them, figure out which ones are the most interesting.
我们将能够像以前一样，用火星车开到岩石旁，对它们进行研究，找出哪些是最有趣的。

But this time we'll be able to then core a piece of that rock out into a sample about the size of a piece of chalk.
但这次我们将能够从那块岩石中取出一块大约粉笔大小的样本。

Stony Brook University professor Scott McLennan says, to best study the samples collected by Perseverance, the rocks must land back on earth.
石溪大学教授斯科特·麦克伦南表示，为了对“毅力号”收集的样本进行最佳研究，这些岩石必须被送回地球。

They're the gift that keeps on giving because the samples will remain.
它们是源源不断的馈赠，因为样品会一直留存。

Our ability to make measurements will evolve. They will get better and better over time.
我们的测量能力将不断发展。随着时间的推移，它们会变得越来越精确。

And we can always go back and revisit those samples that we've brought back to earth.
我们总是可以回去重新研究那些我们带回地球的样本。

Samples may hold clues as to whether life ever existed on the red planet.
样本或许蕴藏着线索，能揭示这颗红色星球上是否曾存在生命。

NASA and the European Space Agency will join forces to bring them back to earth around 2031.
NASA和欧洲航天局将联手在2031年左右把它们带回地球。

The challenge is to treat everyone involved in that call neutrally and not have any predisposed thoughts or…
我们面临的挑战是中立地对待电话中的每一个人，并且不要有任何先入为主的想法或……

In her film Women In Blue, data official chronicles some of the challenges female police officers face as they help train fellow officers against excessive use of force in the male-dominated Minneapolis police department.
在她的电影《蓝衣女性》中，数据官员记录了女警官面临的一些挑战，她们在男性主导的明尼阿波利斯警察局帮助培训同事避免过度使用武力。

Officer Alice White is one of the trainers. We interact with people who are rapists, murderers. It's sometimes hard to show respect to someone like that.
爱丽丝·怀特警官是训练师之一。 我们和强奸犯、杀人犯打交道。有时候很难对这样的人表示尊重。

So in my mind I had to switch this to professionalism. As long as you're being professional, you're gonna look respectful.
在我看来，我得把这转变为专业态度。只要保持专业，你就会显得得体。

The film echoes findings won as early as the 1970s by the National Police Foundation that female police officers act less aggressively and believe in using less aggression than their male counterparts.
这部电影呼应了早在20世纪70年代美国国家警察基金会的研究结果：与男警官相比，女警官的攻击性较低，更少使用武力。

I just knew that I wanted to make a film exploring what women could bring in a very troubled time that our country has had with police violence.
我只知道我想拍一部电影，探讨在我们国家遭遇警察暴力的艰难时期，女性能够发挥怎样的作用。

Hi, do you know why I'm stopping you? You can calm down. I see you're shaking. Just relax, relax, it's all good.
你知道我为什么拦下你吗？你可以冷静下来。我看到你在发抖。放轻松，没事的。

You can see in that traffic stop that that man that was stopped by Alice had someone who was nurturing and had his well-being at the top and not some law enforcement.
你可以从那次交通拦截中看出，被爱丽丝拦下的那名男子，身边有一位关心他、将他安危置于首位的人，而非仅仅是执法者。

But the film also shows women remaining sidelined making up only 16 percent of the Minneapolis police department.
但电影也显示女性仍处于边缘地位，仅占明尼阿波利斯警察局的16%。

The chief has selected no women for his executive team. I have a great deal of respect for chief Rondo.
警官没有为他的团队挑选任何女性。我很尊敬隆多队长，

But the thing that hurt me the most was the fact that in a profession dominated by male voices, they're losing any female perspective.
但最让我痛心的是，在一个由男性主导的行业里，他们正在失去任何女性视角。

In Seattle, police chief Carmen Best says her department's recruitment ads are designed to attract more women to the force.
在西雅图，警察局长卡门·贝斯特表示，其部门的招聘广告旨在吸引更多女性加入警队。

We want to show more women. We want to show women in diverse positions.
我们想要展示更多女性。我们想要展示身处不同职位的女性。

We want to make sure that it's not always car chases and gunfights and repelling off buildings.
我们想确保不总是有汽车追逐、枪战以及从建筑物上速降这些情节。

A lot of what we do has nothing to do with brawn, has a lot more to do with brain and skill sets and the ability to empathize and to work with people.
我们所做的很多事都与武力无关，而与脑力、技能组合、共情能力以及与人协作的能力密切相关。

It's not just that we need more women but we need a lot more women of color.
我们不仅需要更多女性，而且需要更多有色人种女性。

I think that's where our police departments could potentially transform.
我认为这就是我们警察部门可能进行转变的地方。

I got assigned to become a sergeant and then fourth president.
我被任命为中士，后来成为了第四任主席。

Her film shows only a few African-American female officers like Alice White rising through the ranks.
她的电影只展现了像爱丽丝·怀特这样少数几位非裔美国女警官逐步晋升的情况。

It's important for the black community to see women who look like me in this role.
对于黑人社区来说，看到像我这样的女性担任这一角色很重要。

Chief Best relates her own experience rising through the ranks.
贝斯特警长讲述了她自己逐步晋升的经历。

Some folks while super supportive, others were not, maybe you know, and there was always working through that.
有些人非常支持她，而有些人则不然，也许总需要去应对这些情况。

My resolve was, that's their problem, not mine. I'm here to do my job. I'm going to do it to the best of my ability.
我的解决办法是，那是他们的问题，不是我的问题。我来这里是为了完成我的工作。我会尽我所能把工作做好。

And I really believe that as you move up, you have to lift up and bring others along with you.
我真的相信，当你不断晋升时，你必须提携他人，带着他们一起前进。