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In central Kenya, local say people are being driven away from their homes by a cactus.
肯尼亚中部地区有传言称，一种仙人掌正迫使当地居民背井离乡。

Many people have moved out because their goats and cattle are dying. The people of Il Polei and Muneshwara are fleeing to other places. Many have left.
很多人因为山羊和牛不断死亡而搬离，伊尔波莱和穆内什瓦拉的居民正逃往其他地方，许多人已经离开。

The opuntia cactus are spread like a weed, killing off thousands of acres of grassland. Rancher Margaret Mamai says it has destroyed her livelihood.
仙人掌像杂草一样蔓延，毁掉了数千英亩的草原。牧场主玛格丽特·马迈说，这毁了她的生计。

If goats eat the cactus and its fruit, their eyes and mouth are affected. The most effective one is sheep.
如果山羊吃了仙人掌及其果实，它们的眼睛和嘴巴会受到影响。最可怜的是绵羊。

If it eats the cactus, there is no treatment. It dies. Now there is no place for them to graze.
如果它们吃了仙人掌，就无药可医了。它们就死定了。现在它们没有地方吃草了。

Mamai is fighting back by breeding microorganism that feed on the cactus.
马迈正在通过培育以仙人掌为食的微生物进行反击。

But Kenyan authorities say they will need to use laboratories to produce the quantities required to wipe out the problem plant.
但肯尼亚当局表示，他们需要利用实验室来生产所需数量的物资，以根除这种有害植物。

That's what we are lacking. The producers are making microorganisms so that they can be spread all over for them to reduce the opuntia. But it's a very slow method.
这正是我们所缺乏的。生产者正在培育微生物，以便将它们播撒到各处来减少仙人掌的数量。但是这个方法要花很长时间。

But it is not just microorganism that can feed on the cactus. At this community center, the cactus fruit are crushed to make juice and wine.
但并非只有微生物能啃食仙人掌。在这家社区中心，仙人掌果被压榨成汁，酿成美酒。

The seeds are dried and the oil extracted for making cosmetics.
种子经过干燥后提取油脂用于制造化妆品。

The plant for human use is good. The only problem is for the animals. Their spines, it's stuck in the animals.
这种植物对人类有益，唯一的问题是对动物而言，它们的刺会扎进动物体内。

But for the trees and the fruits, you can also eat the fruits good for human use.
除了树木，还有果实，你也可以食用对人类有益的果实。

But getting enough consumers to see the cactus as a food source is a challenge.
但要让足够多的消费者将仙人掌视为食物来源是一项挑战。

Meanwhile, for ranchers like Mamai, the opuntia is simply a way to be destroyed.
与此同时，对于像马迈这样的牧场主来说，仙人掌只是一种需要被铲除的东西。

Millions of people flock to the Trevi Fountain every year to take photos and make a wish as they flip a coin into the water, but there have long been complaints from locals about overcrowding. Now two lanes are being set up: one for residents, who get free access to the fountain, and another for tourists, who have to buy a ticket. The fees will go towards upkeep of the fountain and managing visitors.
每年都有数百万计的游客涌向特雷维喷泉，合影留念并向水中投硬币许愿。然而，当地居民长期以来一直对过度拥挤的人群有所怨言。现在，那里设立了两条专用通道：一条为居民通道，当地居民可免费进入喷泉区域；另一条为游客通道，游客需购买门票方可进入。门票收入将用于喷泉的修缮维护以及游客流量管理。

Tourists will also start paying for access to five other attractions across Rome, including the Napoleonic Museum. Venice already charges some visitors an entry fee on certain days, and with a boom in global tourism, other European cities are considering similar ideas.
游客前往罗马的其它五个景点也将开始付费，包括拿破仑博物馆。威尼斯已经在特定日期向部分游客收取 “进城费”，而随着全球旅游业的迅速增长，其它欧洲城市也在考虑推行类似的收费政策。

You may have heard of the idiom 'once in a blue moon' to describe an event that doesn't happen often. But can the Moon really be blue? Our closest neighbour in this vast galaxy, the Moon, orbits the Earth like a natural satellite. Unlike many of the other planets in our Solar System, ours only has the one moon. If you flew to it, you would land on grey rocks. This is because the lunar surface is made from mostly magnesium, iron and other minerals of that colour. But, if you're lucky to have clear skies under the curtain of night, you may be able to admire its luminosity. You might even see that it seems to change shape and hue.您可能听说过“once in a blue Moon”这个成语，用来描述不经常发生的事件。 但月亮真的可以是蓝色的吗？ 在这个广阔的星系中，我们最近的邻居是月球，它像一颗天然卫星一样围绕地球运行。 与太阳系中的许多其他行星不同，我们的行星只有一颗卫星。 如果你飞过去，你会降落在灰色的岩石上。 这是因为月球表面主要由镁、铁和其他该颜色的矿物质组成。 但是，如果您幸运地在夜幕下拥有晴朗的天空，您也许可以欣赏到它的光度。 您甚至可能会看到它的形状和色调似乎发生了变化。

It's important to understand that the Moon reflects light from the Sun as it orbits the Earth, and that light bounces back to the Earth. The position of the Moon, Sun and the Earth determines how much of the Moon we see. The new Moon appears almost invisible in the sky as it is in total darkness. This is the opposite to the full Moon which is completely lit up. There are eight different phases to the lunar cycle between a full Moon and a new Moon, each lasting around 28 days. In fact, the word 'month' takes its root from 'Moon' because it was almost equal to the lunar phases.重要的是要了解，月球绕地球运行时会反射来自太阳的光，然后光会反射回地球。 月球、太阳和地球的位置决定了我们能看到月球的面积。 新月在天空中几乎看不见，因为它处于完全黑暗的环境中。 这与完全照亮的满月相反。 满月和新月之间的月球周期有八个不同的阶段，每个阶段持续约 28 天。 事实上，“月”这个词的根源是“Moon”，因为它几乎等于月相。

The other phases include the crescent, quarter and gibbous phase. Crescent originates from the Latin verb 'crescere', meaning 'to increase', and so it is the phase just before and after a new Moon as it takes a concave shape. The quarter will show half of the Moon. 'Gibbous' gets its root from the Latin term 'gibbus' which applied to the Moon's convex shape. These shapes are determined by the adjectives 'waning', to get smaller, and 'waxing', to get bigger.其他阶段包括新月期、四分之一期和凸月期。 新月起源于拉丁语动词“crescere”，意思是“增加”，因此它是新月前后的阶段，因为它呈凹形。 该四分之一将显示月球的一半。 “Gibbous”一词源自拉丁语“gibbus”，指的是月球的凸面形状。 这些形状由形容词“逐渐变小”和“逐渐变大”来决定。

So now you know how we've named the shapes, what about those mesmerising colours? The light waves that reach our eyes can vary due to the Moon's position on the horizon and pollution. This is known as Rayleigh scattering. When the Moon is low, light travels through the densest part of the atmosphere and shorter waves of blue scatter away. This leaves only the red and orange light waves to reach us. A warmer atmosphere, as well as smoke from wildfire, may increase the scattering effect as well, making the Moon appear less dull in spring and summer. This is why it's more likely for you to look up and see a pink Moon in April, a golden Moon in May and July, and even a red coloured Moon in the month of June.现在您知道我们如何命名这些形状了，那么那些迷人的颜色呢？ 由于月球在地平线上的位置和污染，到达我们眼睛的光波可能会有所不同。 这称为瑞利散射。 当月亮较低时，光线穿过大气层最密集的部分，较短的蓝色波会散射开来。 这样就只剩下红色和橙色光波到达我们这里了。 温暖的大气层以及野火产生的烟雾也可能会增加散射效果，使月球在春季和夏季显得不那么暗淡。 这就是为什么您更有可能在四月抬头看到粉红色的月亮，在五月和七月看到金色的月亮，甚至在六月看到红色的月亮。

Cave art is seen as a key evolutionary moment, marking the point that humans began to think in truly abstract, symbolic ways. The kind of imagination that underpins language, religion, and science.
洞穴艺术的出现被视作进化史上的一个关键时刻，它标志着人类从这个时间点开始用真正抽象和象征性的方式思考。正是这种想象力，构成了语言、宗教和科学的基石。

Uranium dating confirms that the latest discovery is more than a thousand years older than the previous oldest artwork. It adds to the view that there was no single creative awakening for humanity in a small part of Western Europe, which then spread. Rather, creativity was innate. Evidence for which stretches back to Africa where our species of humans, Homo sapiens, evolved.
铀系测年法确认，最新的发现比先前认为最古老的画作还要早 1000 多年。这一发现进一步支持了这样一个观点：人类创造力的觉醒并非源于西欧的一小块地区，而后扩散传播开来。恰恰相反，创造力是与生俱来的。证明这一点的证据可以追溯到非洲，我们人类的物种——智人最初进化出来的地方。

Thanks to data collected by satellites, scientists have a good understanding of Antarctica's icy surface, but what lies beneath has remained more of a mystery. In fact, more is known about the surface of some planets in our solar system than much of what's under the continent's ice.
得益于人造卫星采集到的数据，科学家们对南极洲的冰层表面有良好的认识，但潜藏其下的部分则一直更像是一个谜题。实际上，人类对我们太阳系中一些行星表面的了解甚至超过了对这片大陆冰下世界的认识。

Now, researchers have used a new approach to create what they believe to be the most detailed map of the landscape yet. The ridges, mountains, and channels shape how fast the glaciers above move, and understanding the topography could help scientists work out how quickly the ice might retreat in a warming climate.
现在，研究人员采用了一种新方法，绘制出了他们认为迄今为止最详尽的描绘这片景观的地形图。冰下的山脊、山脉和沟槽决定了上方冰川移动的速度，了解这些地形细节能帮助科学家计算出冰层随着不断变暖的气候可能会以多快的速度消退。

The scientists say more research is needed to give greater confidence in their findings, but they hope the new map will ultimately improve understanding of the potential impact on sea levels from Antarctica's melting ice.
科学家们表示，他们需要展开更多研究以提高这些发现的可信度，但他们希望这幅新地图最终能提升人类对南极冰层融化对海平面潜在影响的认识。