英语每日一听 | 每天少于5分钟

The United States and China recently dispatched rovers to Mars, while the United Arab Emirates sent an orbiter to the red planet, where it is hoped humans one day will tread.
美国和中国最近向火星发射了探测器，同时阿联酋航空公司也向这颗红色星球发射了一颗人造卫星，希望有一天人类会踏上这片土地。

For man and machine alike, experts say landing on Mars is the hardest part of the trip.
专家表示，对于人和机器来说，登陆火星是旅程中最困难的部分。

The period from hitting the atmosphere to getting to the surface has been characterized depending on the mission as either the six minutes of terror or the seven minutes of terror.
从进入大气层到抵达表面的这段时间，根据不同的任务，被描述为“恐怖六分钟”或“恐怖七分钟”。

Mars has a thinner atmosphere than earth which complicates setting down safely on the surface.
火星的大气层比地球稀薄，这使得在火星表面安全降落变得困难。

Stanford University professor Scott Hubbard says, those six or seven minutes it takes to go from more than 19,000 kilometers per hour to zero are the riskiest.
斯坦福大学教授斯科特·哈伯德(Scott Hubbard)说，从每小时超过19000公里的速度降到零所需的六七分钟是最危险的。

In terms of where the risk factors are where you could lose this mission, that is an area that is of all the risk factors the one that you look at the most closely, because it's the one that has failed missions in the past.
就可能导致任务失败的风险因素而言，这是你最需要密切关注的一个方面，因为过去失败的任务都与此有关。

The casualty rate for Mars missions tops 50 percent. The US so far has successfully put a craft on the Martian surface, beginning with the Twin Vikings in 1976.
火星任务的伤亡率高达50%。到目前为止，美国至今已成功将航天器送上火星表面，最早可追溯到1976年发射的“海盗号”双子探测器。

NASA chose the red planet's Jezero crater over 60 other potential landing sites for its Perseverance rover. Dr. Bethany Ehlmann explains why.
美国宇航局选择了火星的杰泽罗陨石坑作为其“毅力号”探测器的着陆点。Bethany Ehlmann博士解释了其中的原因。

This is a great place to explore ancient habitats, the great place to look for life.
这是探索古代栖息地的绝佳地点，也是寻找生命的理想之地。

And as added bonus, just outside the rim of Jezreo crater are some of the oldest best exposed rocks on Mars from a time period even one billion years earlier.
另外的惊喜是，杰泽罗陨石坑边缘之外，有一些火星上最古老、暴露得最完好的岩石，其形成时间甚至比现在还要早10亿年。

The craft should reach Mars in February, along with the Chinese and UA emissions after seven months in transit over 480 million kilometers.
该飞船将于明年2月抵达火星，连同中国和阿联酋发射的一起，要经过7个月的时间，跨越4.8亿公里。

In spring 2021 French astronaut Thomas Pesquet become the first European to ride a SpaceX capsule to what will be his second stay aboard the international space station.
2021年春天，法国宇航员托马斯·佩斯凯成为首位乘坐SpaceX太空舱的欧洲人，这将是他在国际空间站的第二次逗留。

People from all over the world, different countries have put together the resources for peaceful purposes, for science, for research, for progress.
来自世界各地、不同国家的人们为了和平的目的、为了科学、为了研究、为了进步而汇聚资源。

And it's been going on for 20 years and it's an amazing success.
它已经持续了20年，取得了惊人的成功。

Finally this week Virgin Galactic unveiled the cabin of its spaceship II commercial craft.
本周维珍银河公司终于揭开了其太空船二号商业飞行器的舱内设计。

It has 12 windows, Virgin says, they designed the cabin for an out-of-seat weightlessness experience. The company says final tests are ongoing.
维珍银河公司表示，该舱体设有12扇舷窗，专为乘客离座体验失重状态而设计。公司称最终测试目前仍在进行中。

First there was the keyboard, then the touch screen.
首先是键盘，然后是触屏。

Some tech companies say a wearable pair of glasses could be the next leap in technology, even if it didn't work out for google glass.
一些科技公司表示，即使谷歌眼镜未能成功，可穿戴眼镜仍可能是科技领域的下一次重大飞跃。

In the future we won't be only limited to our smartphones, when it comes to understanding the world around us. So this is our early investment in that future.
未来我们将不再局限于仅通过智能手机来理解周围的世界。这就是我们对那个未来的早期投资。

The US-based company Snap's investments is this--the spectacles, three sunglasses. This third version is smarter than the previous ones.
总部设在美国的Snap公司投资开发了这款太阳镜。第三个版本比之前的版本更智能。

It has two cameras. The corner of the glasses lights up when recording video, and allows the wearer to put 3D objects in the video. Here are some flowers.
它有两个摄像头。在录制视频时，眼镜的角落会亮起，佩戴者可以对物品进行3D拍摄。这里有些花。

Users can capture up to a minute of video. In a very different application, the InGlass by Hong Kong-based Pacific Future allows theme park visitors to have a different kind of experience through augmented reality.
用户最多可以拍摄一分钟的视频。在一个截然不同的应用场景中，香港太平洋未来科技公司推出的InGlass让主题公园游客通过增强现实技术获得别样体验。

During the launch of the smart glasses during Halloween, this park became extra scary. So there's a ghost everywhere mixed with the real like buildings.
在万圣节期间推出智能眼镜时，这个公园变得格外恐怖。看起来就像这座楼里到处都是鬼魂。

The glasses are used in theme parks in China and Malaysia.
这副眼镜在中国和马来西亚的主题公园中使用。

With a processor inside, these augmented reality glasses are designed for ages 12 and up, because of its weight and size.
内置处理器的增强现实眼镜因重量和体积原因，设计适用年龄为12岁及以上。

Augmented reality security glasses made by Beijing-based Goolton can be used by police to identify suspects.
北京谷东科技公司制造的增强现实安防眼镜可帮助警方识别嫌疑人。

He can set a blacklist and the skin in your crowded people and find your criminal very soon.
警方可以设置黑名单，在茫茫人海中识别出皮肤特征，很快就能找到罪犯。

Armed with facial recognition software, video or images captured by these smart glasses can be sent to security officials off-site for analysis.
配备面部识别软件的智能眼镜可将拍摄的视频或图像发送给场外的安保人员进行分析。

Of course there are privacy concerns with any device that comes with built-in cameras, one of the reasons consumers rejected google glass.
当然，任何配备内置摄像头的设备都会引发隐私担忧，这也是消费者拒绝谷歌眼镜的原因之一。

Still the race is on for tech companies, big and small, to turn an everyday item like glasses into something smarter.
尽管如此，大大小小的科技公司仍在竞相将眼镜等日常用品改造成更智能的产品。

The Work to Ride program basically started with an idea that I had about using horses and youth combining those two to make a difference in the lives of children.
“骑马计划”项目基本上源于我一个想法，即把马匹和青少年结合起来，从而改变孩子们的生活。

Our facility, Chamonix Equestrian Center, is located in Philadelphia. And it is bordered on two of the most crime-ridden neighborhoods here in Philadelphia.
我们的设施查莫尼克斯马术中心位于费城。它毗邻费城两个犯罪率最高的社区。

One is North Philadelphia and one is West Philadelphia. We have children that come from those neighborhoods.
一个是北费城， 一个是西费城。参加这个项目的有来自这些社区的孩子。

Being in the program has kept me away from a lot of stuff like getting involved in drugs and getting related things that usually happen in the street.
参加这个项目让我远离了很多事情，比如吸毒和街头常见的那些相关活动。

When I come to the barn, I'm always very happy. I'm usually excited, usually ready to ride.
当我来到马厩时，我总是非常开心。我通常很兴奋，随时准备骑马。

The horses that we use in the program are donated. The kids in the Work to Ride program are primarily responsible for taking care of horses.
我们项目中使用的马匹都是捐赠的。参加“骑马计划”的孩子主要负责照看马匹。

On any given day, they're responsible for chores, cleaning up the stables, taking care of any medical needs that any of the horses may have.
每一天他们都要负责杂务、清理马厩、照顾马匹，满足它们可能会有的任何医疗需求。

It's a big responsibility. It is a lot of work to do. But all the work like is contributing to the one important thing is taking care of the horse.
这是一项重大的责任。有很多工作要做。但所有这些工作都有助于一件重要的事情，那就是照顾好马匹。

And if take care of the horse, then we're able to ride and it all leads up to playing in the games and just good management.
如果我们照顾好马，那么我们就能骑马，这一切最终都是为了参加比赛，同时进行良好的管理。

I feel like I've built an individual bond with each and every horse we have at our barn. Being at the barn is very like homey. It's very comfortable and I feel safe.
我觉得我和马厩里的每一匹马都建立了深厚的联系。待在马厩里很有家的感觉。这里非常舒适，让我感到安心。

It's all about changing the narrative of black history, building leaders through the story of my ancestors.
这一切都是为了改变黑人历史的叙事，通过讲述我祖先的故事来培养领导者。

We produce educational toys where children can learn black history in a very fun and creative way.
我们生产教育玩具，让孩子们能够以一种非常有趣和富有创意的方式学习黑人历史。

The focus really is to kind of see black history through a different lens instead of focusing on oppression and slavery.
重点实际上是通过不同的视角来看待黑人历史，而不是聚焦于压迫和奴隶制。

I don't want that to be their first thought anymore. I want the first thought when people think of black history is to be resiliency and leadership.
我不想让这再成为他们的第一印象。我希望当人们想到黑人历史时，第一印象是坚韧与领导力。

Bevy & Dave, I named Bevy after my daughter, Beverly, and I named Dave after my brother, David. The first toy I created is the History Makers Puzzle Block Set.
Bevy & Dave这个游戏品牌名源于我的女儿Beverly和哥哥David。我发明的第一款游戏是《方块拼图学历史》。

It was launched in 2016. We're going to put the alphabet together and not repeat the same letters. It starts for age 3, plus.
它于2016年推出。我们要把字母组合起来，且不重复使用相同的字母。它适合3岁及以上的孩子。

And so, with that one, I didn't want to continue the story of "a" is for apple. On this History Makers Puzzle Block Set, it's "a" for appreciation.
在这个游戏里，我不想延续a代表苹果的故事。在《方块拼图学历史》中，"a"代表感激。

Appreciation, that's right. And then when you turn the block, they'll learn that it means to be thankful.
当你翻转积木时，他们会明白这意味着心怀感恩。

So, it would be a word like leadership, strategy, or it would be a historic figure or historic fact.
可能会有领导力、策略这样的词，或者一个历史人物、历史故事。

"W" is for Maggi Walker where they get a chance to learn about her being the first female bank president.
“W”代表Maggi Walker，她是第一位女性银行行长。

So, they get the opportunity to now experience the alphabet in a different way. The second toy, I wanted to focus on inventors.
他们现在有机会以不同的方式体验字母表。第二款玩具，我想聚焦于发明家。

I put their faces on there purposely because I wanted people and children to see who created these remarkable things we're all experiencing every day.
我特意把他们的脸印在那里，因为我想让人们和孩子们知道，是谁创造了这些日常生活中的非凡事物。

Frederick Jones, he invented mobile refrigeration, because before him we didn't have a way to safely transport food that was perishable.
弗雷德里克·琼斯发明了移动制冷技术，因为在他之前，我们没有办法安全运输易腐食品。

Norbert Rillieux, he invented automated sugar refining. Where does this one go? Can it go here?
诺伯特·瑞利克斯发明了自动炼糖技术。这一步怎么走？能走这吗？

I want children of other ethnic groups to also learn through the lens of that story, which I'm trying to share. Can you put the refrigerated cold truck here?
我希望其他族裔的孩子也能通过我试图分享的那个故事来学习。你能把冷藏车停在这里吗？

For a child to play with different toys that represent their own culture but other cultures is really important especially at an early age.
让孩子玩代表自己文化以及其他文化的不同玩具非常重要，尤其是在幼年时期。

That really creates more openness. It creates understanding. It creates more conversations for parents to have with their children about race and ethnicity.
这确实能创造更多的开放性。它能增进理解，还能让家长和孩子就种族和民族问题展开更多的交流。

Currently, my educational toys are used in different preschools and elementary schools in different states.
目前，我的益智玩具被用于不同州的各个学前班和小学。

So what we need to do, we need to look around on each side and find. Can you guys find the letter on each side of these cubes?
我们需要做的是看看每一面并寻找。你们能在这些方块的每一面找到字母吗？

My name is Brittany Simmons. I teach Pre-K 4 English at Sela Public Charter School. So, can you help us find the letter C?
我叫布列塔尼·西蒙斯，在塞拉公立特许学校教K-4级学前英语。你能帮我们找到字母C吗？

One of the games that we play is we use the multi-functional blocks. The more they see while they are putting them together, they see the different sides.
我们玩的游戏之一是用多功能积木搭建。他们在拼搭时看到的东西越多，就越能观察到不同的侧面。

And it provokes a lot of questions. So, we have a lot of discussions around what they see.
这引发了很多问题。我们围绕他们所看到的内容进行了很多讨论。

Frederick M. Jones. Let's finish putting it together because he invented something. He's on this puzzle. That means he invented something.
弗雷德里克·M·琼斯。咱们把它拼完吧，因为他发明了一些东西。他在这幅拼图里，所以肯定发明了什么东西。

They hear a lot about different inventions that were made, people in history, why they were so relevant. They learn different vocabulary words.
他们了解到很多关于不同的发明、历史人物以及这些发明和人物为何如此重要的信息。他们学习不同的词汇。

It's definitely a conversation piece. So these men created all of the things you see here.
这绝对是个能引发话题的游戏。这些人创造了你在这里看到的所有东西。

We just have to learn to appreciate and enjoy every part of the story that everybody brings.
我们只需要学会欣赏和享受每个人所带来的故事。

And that to me is how we make the world better. And I hope Bevy & Dave will be a part of that. I really do.
对我来说，这就是我们让世界变得更美好的方式。我希望Bevy&Dave能成为其中的一部分。我真心希望如此。

This is a slime mold. Cat Chang is an urban designer. But in her spare time, she likes to examine other life-forms.
这是一种黏菌。凯特·张是一名城市设计师。但在业余时间，她喜欢研究其他生命。

Ever since I was a little girl, I've been interested in the natural world. We're native Hawaiian. Our family and my grandmother would take me around her yard.
从我还是个小女孩起，我就对自然界感兴趣。我们是夏威夷原住民。我的家人和祖母会带我在她的院子里转转。

She would show us all the plants and how you use them. And later when I was interested in learning about fungi, I didn't have anybody to help me with it.
她会向我们展示所有的植物以及如何使用它们。后来当我对学习真菌感兴趣时，却没有人能在这方面帮助我。

Someone suggested iNaturalist to me, and it's on your cell phone.
有人向我推荐了iNaturist， 在手机上就可以使用。

iNaturalist is a joint initiative of National Geographic and the California Academy of Sciences.
iNaturist是国家地理和加州科学院联合发起的应用。

Essentially, people can take a photo of anything living, plants, animal, fungus, slime mold, put it on the website and other people identify it.
从本质上讲，人们可以给任何生物拍照，比如植物、动物、真菌、黏菌，然后把照片上传到网站上，由其他人来识别它们。

The app compares the image with those already in the database to begin the identification process. But ultimately, human experts weigh in.
该应用程序将图像与数据库中已有的图像进行比对，以启动识别过程。但最终，还需要人类专家进行评估。

The best part of it is there's a community of people that can also participate.
最棒的部分就是有一个我们可以参与进来的社区。

It's used by scientists to collect data, and actually write papers, as well as just amateur people who are really interested in getting more involved and caring more about nature.
科学家们用它来收集数据，甚至撰写论文，同样适用于那些真正热衷于更深入参与、更加关心自然的业余爱好者。

This time of year, I'm particularly looking for salamanders. Oh, there he is poking out of the wood although.
每年这个时候，我特别喜欢找蝾螈。它正从木头里探出头来呢。

And I always like to see mammals, they're one of my favorites, and birds of course. I have almost 55,000 observations. It's a lot.
我总是喜欢观察哺乳动物，它们是我的最爱之一，当然还有鸟类。我已经记录了近55000条观察记录。这数量相当多。

iNaturalist has observations from every country in the world. Right now, I believe we have over 26 million observations and about 700,000 active users.
iNaturalist拥有来自世界各国的观察记录。目前，我相信我们已经收集了超过2600万条观察记录，拥有约70万活跃用户。

This collaboration across continents led recently to a surprising discovery in California.
这种跨大洲的合作最近在加利福尼亚州有了一个惊人的发现。

The type of giant sunfish whose normal habitat is thousands of miles to the south, an indication perhaps of a rapidly changing world.
这种巨型太阳鱼的正常栖息地在数千英里以南，这或许表明世界正在迅速变化。