英语每日一听 | 每天少于5分钟

These people can breathe life into pretty much anything: out-of-fashion jeans, boring dresses, torn canvas totes and even car tyres.
这些人几乎能让任何东西焕发生机：过时的牛仔裤、单调的连衣裙、破旧的帆布包，甚至是汽车轮胎。

My necklace was made of tyres, inner tub, recycle, so basically you can touch it.
我的项链是用轮胎内胎回收制成的，你可以摸到它。

Dedication to sustainability and a bit of creativity can spice up any wardrobe.
致力于可持续发展并发挥一点创造力，就能让任何衣橱焕然一新。

This was originally a blanket from the thrift store and I bought it, and I combined it into the clothes I already had at home.
这原本是我从二手店买来的一条毯子，我把它和家里现有的衣服搭配在一起了。

So I made these into the three pockets like a cowboy. 29-68, that's the address of my house where I started my brand.
我像牛仔一样把这些做成了三个口袋。29-68是我开始创立品牌时所住房子的地址。

Refashion is the joint initiative of the New York City Department of Sanitation and local fashion designers.
“重塑时尚”是纽约市卫生局和当地时装设计师的联合倡议。

The main goal is to learn and teach other sustainability and the many ways to rethink and recycle what we already have in the most environmentally friendly way.
主要目标是学习并向他人传授可持续发展理念，以及以最环保的方式重新思考和回收利用我们现有物品的多种方法。

What we're really trying to do here at the Department of Sanitation is connect the fashion industry and sort of young designers and talent, and help them overcome our challenge of textile waste.
纽约市卫生局真正想做的，是将时尚产业、年轻设计师以及新锐人才联系起来，帮助他们应对纺织品浪费这一难题。

The challenge is indeed daunting. According to the publication The Balance, an average American buys 60% more items of clothing every year and keeps them for about half as long as 15 years ago.
这项挑战确实令人望而生畏。根据The Balance杂志的数据，如今美国人年均服装购买量比过去增加了60%，而保留衣物的时间仅为15年前的一半。

Charities and secondhand stores can't consume all the used clothing. A giant amount goes to waste.
慈善机构和二手商店不能消耗所有的旧衣服。大量的旧衣物都被浪费了。

This lab just outside New York City turns used clothing into something new using only pure cotton items. Buttons, zippers and synthetic inserts are carefully removed.
这个位于纽约市郊外的实验室只用纯棉物品将旧衣物改造成新东西。纽扣、拉链和合成材料嵌件被小心地移除。

A special solvent sinks the fabric structure, and the special spinning wheel turns the resulting mass into new fiber.
一种特殊溶剂会溶解织物结构，而特殊的纺纱轮将产生的物质转化为新的纤维。

This fiber was made from 100 percent post-consumer cotton garment waste. These are old T-shirts, socks that you think there's no value for.
这种纤维是由100%的消费后棉质服装废料制成的。这些就是你认为毫无价值的旧T恤、袜子。

We basically liquefied them and we turned them into a new fiber, and we can take this fiber, spin it into yarn and make textiles.
我们基本上是把它们液化，然后将其制成了一种新纤维，我们可以拿这种纤维纺成纱线，再制成纺织品。

Stella McCartney, Adidas, Levi's, these big brands use such recycled fiber for wholly new collections. Smaller brands also find ways to recycle creatively.
斯特拉·麦卡特尼、阿迪达斯、李维斯，这些大品牌都使用这种再生纤维来打造全新系列。小品牌也在寻找有创意的回收利用方法。

All the products that we have here were made of recycled materials. So we have plastics, we have tyres, we have plastic bottles.
我们这里所有的产品都是用回收材料制成的。我们有塑料、轮胎、塑料瓶。

Buying used clothing has a lot of advantages, believes Isabel Varela. She used to be a shopaholic, but her passion caused her to have large debts.
伊莎贝尔·巴雷拉认为，购买二手服装有很多好处。她曾经是个购物狂，但这种癖好让她欠下了巨额债务。

Varela realized she was doing herself a disservice and started buying used items.
巴雷拉意识到自己这样做对自己不利，于是开始购买二手物品。

Having a helpful relationship with clothing. So we do need clothing and we do need a shop for basics, but it's behind.
合理地购买服装。我们确实需要衣物，也确实需要一家能买到基本款衣物的商店，但这并非首要之事。

It's like go to thrift stores, swap shops, shop in your closet to see what we really have.
这就像去二手商店、交换商店逛逛，翻翻自己的衣橱，看看我们到底有什么。

Reviewing, resewing, combining, this is the latest trend of the fashion industry.
翻新、重缝、拼接，这就是时尚界的最新潮流。

And while some clothes may only be good for landfill, many more are destined for a second chance in life. [解析]
虽然有些衣服可能只适合填埋，但更多的衣服注得第二次生命。

On the floor of the North Atlantic Ocean rests one of history's most fantastic failures, the unsinkable RMS Titanic.
在北大西洋海底躺着历史上最引人注目的失败之一——号称“永不沉没”的泰坦尼克号。

The salvage firm RMS Titanic Inc has so far recovered more than 5,000 pieces of dinnerware and coins from the wreckage.
打捞公司泰坦尼克号公司到目前为止已经从残骸中打捞出了5000多件餐具和硬币。

They say after all these years underwater, time is running out to dredge the Marconi wireless telegraph machine that transmitted the Titanic's frantic distress calls.
他们说，在水下沉睡了这么多年之后，打捞那台曾发送泰坦尼克号紧急求救信号的马可尼无线电报机的时间已经不多了。

RMS Titanic Inc's president Bretton Hunchak: The roof has degraded significantly and the wreck is essentially collapsing in upon itself.
泰坦尼克号公司的总裁布雷顿·汉查克：船顶已经严重退化，残骸也正在不断坍塌。

So we're at a point where the Marconi is really in a detrimental area, where we believe in a short period of time it will fall in upon itself, leaving the Marconi sort of to be lost to the seafloor.
马可尼无线电报机正处于一个不利位置，我们认为在短时间内船体残骸可能会坍塌，马可尼无线电报机可能会沉没在海底。

At the time the Titanic was the world's biggest ship. The luxury ocean liner set sail from London to New York, but struck an iceberg on April 14th, 1912.
当时泰坦尼克号是世界上最大的轮船。这艘豪华远洋客轮从伦敦启航前往纽约，但在1912年4月14日撞上了一座冰山。

The ship sent distress signals in Morse code using the relatively new Marconi wireless telegraph.
这艘船使用相对较新的马可尼无线电报，用摩尔斯电码发出了求救信号。

Less than three hours later, it's sunk. Only 700 of the more than 2,000 people on board survived.
不到三个小时后，它就沉没了。船上2000多人中只有700人幸存。

The Marconi is sort of I believe this generation's next step, and I believe that bringing a tangible part of Titanic to the masses, as opposed to just a few people that get to go see it, really makes that story real for them.
我认为马可尼无线电报机可以说是这一代人的下一个探索目标，我觉得把泰坦尼克号实实在在的一部分展示给大众，而不只是让少数人有机会去参观，能让他们真切地感受到那段历史。

It's a human interest piece. It's an incredible piece of technology, especially for its day.
这是一件充满了人情味的物品。这是一项令人惊叹的技术成果，尤其是在当时那个年代。

And it's the reason that I think the legacy of Titanic still exists in the strength that it does.
这就是我认为泰坦尼克号的传奇之所以能保持如此强大影响力的原因。

But outside of the Titanic Belfast Museum, not everyone shares Hunchak's quest to raise the Titanic or even parts of it, fearing the stress of extraction on the sunken ship.
但在贝尔法斯特泰坦尼克号博物馆外，并非所有人都认同汉查克打捞泰坦尼克号甚至其部分残骸的想法，他们担心打捞过程会对沉船造成压力。

Parliamentarian Gavin Robinson: We will learn nothing new. There are other Marconi radios, just exactly the same that are present in other museums available throughout the world.
国会议员加文·罗宾逊：我们不会有新发现。世界上其他博物馆也陈列着完全相同的马可尼无线电设备。

You can learn and understand without the need to go in and wreck and destroy.
你可以学习和理解，而不必进去破坏和摧毁。

Engineers built Titanic and its tender, the SS Nomadic in Belfast.
工程师们在贝尔法斯特建造了泰坦尼克号及其附属船只游牧号。

Today a battle wages in the United States, where the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration argues in court
今天，一场激烈的争论在美国展开，美国国家海洋和大气管理局在法庭上辩称，

that the retrieval run goes against previous court orders prohibiting the removal of anything from the ship itself.
打捞行动违反了先前禁止从沉船本身移走任何物品的法庭命令。

Would you be the same person if you'd grown up in different surroundings? How might you be different if you'd grown up in an urban versus a rural environment, or in a different country altogether? This is the age-old, nature-nurture debate that has had people pondering for many years. Is your personality written in your genes or shaped by your experience? Most experts agree that it is a combination of both. Let's hear about ways this can be put to the test.
如果你在不同的环境中长大，你还会是同一个人吗？ 如果你是在城市环境中长大，而不是在乡村环境中长大，或者在完全不同的国家中长大，你会有什么不同？ 这是一个古老的、先天与后天的争论，多年来一直引起人们的思考。 你的性格是由你的基因决定的还是由你的经历塑造的？ 大多数专家都认为这是两者的结合。 让我们听听可以对此进行测试的方法。

A common way is to study twin pairs, because if personality came only from genes, you might expect identical twins to have the same, or a very similar, personality. Research called 'Meta-analysis of the heritability of human traits based on fifty years of twin studies' looked at 14 million twin pairs in 39 countries. Do identical twins, who share almost identical DNA, have more similar personalities than non-identical twins, who share about half? By comparing the two, the authors concluded that about 50% of the differences between people can be explained by genetic factors, meaning that our genes play a significant role in shaping who we are, but our environment and experiences are just as important.
一种常见的方法是研究双胞胎，因为如果性格仅来自基因，您可能会期望同卵双胞胎具有相同或非常相似的性格。 名为“基于 50 年双胞胎研究的人类特征遗传性荟萃分析”的研究对 39 个国家的 1400 万对双胞胎进行了研究。 拥有几乎相同 DNA 的同卵双胞胎是否比拥有大约一半 DNA 的异卵双胞胎拥有更多相似的性格？ 通过比较两者，作者得出结论，人与人之间大约 50% 的差异可以通过遗传因素来解释，这意味着我们的基因在塑造我们是谁方面发挥着重要作用，但我们的环境和经历也同样重要。

Other studies looked to see whether personality traits were more prevalent in certain geographical regions than in others. For example, in a 2015 study called 'Regional Personality Differences in Great Britain', researchers investigated how the 'Big Five' personality traits, which include extraversion, openness and agreeableness, were geographically distributed. They found there were areas where each trait was more prevalent. For example, agreeableness, which is about friendliness and trust, was more prevalent in the Scottish Highlands and Northern England – more rural areas with lower population densities. Whereas openness, which is associated with curiosity and intellect, was more prevalent in urban, densely populated areas like London, Manchester and Brighton, suggesting that a person's environment can help to foster various traits.
其他研究旨在了解人格特质在某些地理区域是否比其他区域更普遍。 例如，在 2015 年一项名为“英国的区域人格差异”的研究中，研究人员调查了“五大”人格特征（包括外向性、开放性和宜人性）的地理分布。 他们发现每种特征在某些领域更为普遍。 例如，关于友善和信任的宜人性在苏格兰高地和英格兰北部——人口密度较低的农村地区更为普遍。 而与好奇心和智力相关的开放性在伦敦、曼彻斯特和布莱顿等人口稠密的城市地区更为普遍，这表明一个人的环境有助于培养各种特质。

While our DNA provides a starting point, it is only part of the jigsaw puzzle that makes our personality. As we go through life, we encounter obstacles, we make mistakes, and we learn what we enjoy through experience – all of which can change how we interact with the world.
虽然我们的 DNA 提供了一个起点，但它只是构成我们个性的拼图的一部分。 在我们的一生中，我们会遇到障碍，我们会犯错误，我们会通过经验了解我们喜欢什么——所有这些都可以改变我们与世界互动的方式。

The Atlantic salmon and the goonch catfish from Nepal are some of the 30 flagship fish species which had been prioritised for global conservation by the UN.
大西洋鲑和尼泊尔巨魾均属于被联合国列为全球优先保护对象的 30 种旗舰鱼类。

Population data of more than 15,000 species of freshwater migratory fish, which make up half of all fish species, were assessed by a team of international scientists to identify those most at risk and culturally significant.
一个国际科学家团队对 15000 种淡水洄游鱼类的种群数据进行了评估，这些鱼类占到了所有鱼类物种的一半，从而判断哪些物种的处境最危险、且具有重要的文化价值。

The fish they selected will now be put forward for listing under the International Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species.
这个团队筛选出的物种现在将被提议列入《保护野生动物迁徙物种公约》。

Doodle dogs, bred from a poodle crossed with a different breed, have grown in popularity in recent years, but the Royal Veterinary College says they don't always behave as expected, particularly around training, anxiety and aggression.
“杂交贵宾犬”，也就是贵宾犬和其它犬种的杂交后代，近年来大受青睐。但皇家兽医学院表示，这类混种犬的行为表现并不总能如人所愿，尤其是在受训能力、焦虑情绪和攻击性方面。

It questioned the owners of more than 9,000 dogs in the UK, looking at doodles and the parent breeds.
这项研究调查了英国 9000 多名犬主，对比了杂交贵宾犬和它们亲代品种的情况。

The researchers found where there were differences, the doodle breeds behaviours were more undesirable in eight out of ten cases.
研究人员发现，在存在差异的行为对比中，杂交贵宾犬的行为在 80% 的情况下表现得更不理想。

The most common issues were fear of loud noises, separation anxiety and problems with training.
最常见的问题包括害怕巨大噪音、分离焦虑和训练困难。