Chinese lawmakers recently entered a fierce online debate on whether fireworks should be used to celebrate the Lunar New year this February. They said a total ban on fireworks in the country credited with inventing the noisemakers would be hard to enforce. 中国立法者最近就是否应使用烟花来庆祝今年2月的农历新年。 他们说，对该国的烟花汇演的全面禁令将很难发明噪声制造商。 Lawmakers said air pollution prevention and fire safety laws have led to "differences in understanding" of the ban on fireworks. However, it was never a total ban. 议员们说，预防空气污染和消防法已导致“理解”对禁令的理解差异。 但是，这绝不是完全禁令。 In 2017, official data showed 444 cities had banned fireworks. Since then, some of the cities have loosened the bans. They permit fireworks at certain times of the year and at special places. 2017年，官方数据显示，有444个城市禁止了烟火。 从那以后，一些城市松开了禁令。 它们在一年中的某些时间和特殊地方允许烟火。 This month, however, many counties made announcements banning fireworks, restarting discussion on the ban. 但是，本月，许多县发布了禁止烟火的宣布，重新启动了有关禁令的讨论。 "We've the right to fireworks," wrote a user of Weibo, a popular Chinese online discussion service. “我们有权烟火，”一家流行的中国在线讨论服务微博的用户写道。Chinese folklore says the earliest fireworks were invented 2,000 years ago to drive away the "nian.” The nian, the story goes, was a monster that hunted people and animals before the Lunar New Year, or Spring Festival. 中国民间传说说，最早的烟花是在2000年前发明的，以驱逐“尼安”。 故事讲的是，尼安（Nian）是一个怪物，在农历新年或春季节之前猎杀了人和动物。 Since then, fireworks came to be used to celebrate other events. This January, after three years of COVID-19 restrictions were lifted, some people ignored bans - and officials - and set off firecrackers. 从那时起，烟花开始被用来庆祝其他活动。 今年1月，在取消了三年的Covid -19限制之后，有些人忽略了禁令和官员，并引发了鞭炮。Some Chinese say the fireworks bans were necessary to protect the environment. 一些中国人说，烟火禁令是保护环境的必要条件。An online opinion study by the official Beijing Youth Daily found that over 80 percent of people supported fireworks during Spring Festival. The festival is the most important holiday on the Chinese calendar. 北京青年日报的一项在线意见研究发现，超过80％的人在春季音乐节上支持烟花。 节日是中国日历上最重要的假期。 Some also said the ban was ironic after the United Nations recently named the Spring Festival an official holiday, a move supported by Chinese officials.一些人还说，该禁令是讽刺的，在联合国最近将春节命名为正式假期之后，这一举动是由中国官员支持的。"The Spring Festival belongs to the world, but China's is almost gone," wrote another Weibo user. 另一位微博用户写道：“春节属于世界，但中国几乎消失了。”Southern Hunan province is a worldwide supplier of fireworks. Its exports totaled $579 million from January to November, state media reported. That number is far greater than domestic sales. 匈奴省南部是全球烟火供应商。 据州媒体报道，从1月到11月，其出口总额为5.79亿美元。 这个数字远大于国内销售。
--------
2:53
第2662期:Food of Choice for Lunar New Year
Dong Tao chicken has been a food of choice for generations in Vietnam for the Lunar New Year, or Tet. 东陶鸡一直是越南几代人的首选食物，享受农历新年或TET。 The rare bird is known for its strangely large feet. It is also known as a “dragon chicken.” The chicken gets its name from the village of Dong Tao, about 30 kilometers southeast of Hanoi. 这只稀有的鸟以其奇怪的大脚而闻名。 它也被称为“龙鸡”。 这只鸡的名字来自河内东南约30公里的东陶村。 Dong Tao chickens are believed to bring good luck and wealth to their owners. At one point, they were only bred to serve meat for the royal families and officials. 据信，东陶鸡会给所有者带来好运和财富。 在某一时刻，他们只是繁殖为王室和官员提供肉类。 Today, demand for Dong Tao chicken in Vietnam has risen sharply. That demand comes from a growing number of wealthy people in one of Asia's fastest-growing economies. 如今，越南对东陶鸡的需求急剧上升。 这种需求来自亚洲一个增长最快的经济体中越来越多的富人。 Le Trong Dung is a chicken farmer in the village of Dong Tao. He told Reuters that a fully-grown Dong Tao chicken at one year old sells for $200 and sometimes as much as $400. Le Trong Dung是Dong Tao村的养鸡者。 他告诉路透社，一只完全生长的dong tao鸡在一岁时以200美元的价格卖出，有时多达400美元。The demand for Dong Tao chicken is also fueled by its rich taste. 对东陶鸡的需求也被其丰富的味道所增强。 Loc Duc Toan is a 25-year-old cook in Hanoi. Toan said a Dong Tao chicken has its best taste at the age of 13 to 15 months. "When steamed, the skin will be crispy with a fragrant aroma of its own and a sweeter meat compared to other normal chicken," Toan said. Loc Duc Toan是河内的25岁厨师。 托恩说，在13至15个月的时间里，一只东陶鸡的口味最佳。 托安说：“蒸时，皮肤会酥脆，与其他普通鸡肉相比，芬芳的香气和肉更甜美。” Nguyen Thi Hong Nhung is a chicken farmer, She said the most valuable parts of Dong Tao chickens are its legs. 她说，Nguyen Thi Hong Nhung是一名农民，她说，Dong Tao鸡最有价值的部分是它的腿。 Their large legs make it difficult for them to hatch from their eggs. Sometimes, they can accidentally break their eggs. 他们的大腿使他们很难从卵子上孵化。 有时，他们会意外打破鸡蛋。 It takes about a year to raise a Dong Tao chicken, compared to three months for other kinds. 饲养dong tao鸡大约需要一年的时间，而其他类型则需要三个月。 The chickens are now also raised beyond the village of Dong Tao. That means more people may have the chance to buy a Dong Tao chicken. But Phan Van Hieu, a Dong Tao agriculture official, said chickens raised in the village and fed with its native rice and corn have the best taste. 现在，这些鸡也被饲养在东陶村之外。 这意味着更多的人可能有机会购买Dong Tao鸡。 但是，宗陶农业官员潘·范·海（Phan van Hieu）说，鸡在村里饲养，喂给本地米饭和玉米的鸡肉味道最佳。 "Production hasn't met domestic demand yet," Hieu added. "I'm sure you won't find any Dong Tao chicken in any KFC restaurants in [the] foreseeable future." Hieu补充说：“产量尚未满足国内需求。” “我敢肯定，在可预见的未来，您在任何肯德基餐馆都不会找到任何dong Tao鸡肉。”
--------
3:03
第2664a期:Philippine Designer Makes Women’s Clothes Out of Waste
Leonora Buenviaje has been making women’s clothes out of waste materials, usually dresses. She says wearing clothes made from waste materials can be both economical and look good. Leonora Buenviaje一直在用废物（通常是衣服）制作女士的衣服。 她说，穿着用废料制成的衣服既经济又看起来不错。 Buenviaje is 51-years-old and from Cainta in the Philippines, about 15 kilometers east of the capital Manilla. Buenviaje今年51岁，来自菲律宾的Cainta，在首都马尼拉以东约15公里处。 To make her dresses, she uses a foot-operated sewing machine to join together the waste materials. These include recycled newspapers, plastic wrapping and rice sacks. 为了制作她的衣服，她使用脚踏式缝纫机将废料结合在一起。 这些包括回收报纸，塑料包装和米袋。 Recycling is when something new is made from something that has been used before. 回收是在以前使用的东西制成的新事物时。 The process Buenviaje uses to join the materials together is called sewing. Sewing combines two pieces of cloth or is used to repair cloth. She creates new and beautiful clothes women can wear. They are sometimes completed with a piece called a headdress that goes on top of the head. Buenviaje用来将材料结合在一起的过程称为缝纫。 缝纫结合两块布或用于修理布。 她创造了女性可以穿的新衣服。 他们有时会用一个名为“头饰”的作品完成。 "The bubble wraps from delivery packages are nice looking and make for a good design, especially the black and white wraps," she said. Bubble wrap is a plastic product that is used to protect goods that are being delivered. She said white bubble wraps were good for making wedding dresses. 她说：“送货包装的气泡包装看起来很漂亮，并且可以设计出良好的设计，尤其是黑白包装。” 气泡包装是一种塑料产品，用于保护正在交付的商品。 她说，白色泡泡包装非常适合制作婚纱。 The dresses sell for between $30 to $50. They are used for everything from coming-of-age parties for a woman’s 18th birthday, called debuts, to weddings. 这些礼服的售价在30至50美元之间。 它们用于从妇女的18岁生日的年龄段聚会到婚礼的所有事物。 In Asia, there is plenty of waste material for Buenviaje to work with: about 80 percent of the world ocean plastic is estimated to come from Asian rivers. A 2021 report by Oxford University’s online publication, Our World in Data, found that the Philippines is responsible for one third of Asia’s ocean plastic pollution. 在亚洲，Buenviaje可以使用大量废物：据估计，大约80％的世界海洋塑料来自亚洲河流。 牛津大学在线出版物《我们的数据世界》的一份报告发现，菲律宾造成了亚洲海洋塑料污染的三分之一。 "It's important to recycle or utilize used materials so we can help our earth," said Lalaine Alcalde, who buys clothes from Buenviaje. 从Buenviaje购买衣服的Lalaine Alcalde说：“回收或使用二手材料，以便我们可以帮助地球，这一点很重要。”Buenviaje said the recycled materials used for each dress depend on what her buyers are looking for. Buenviaje说，每件衣服使用的可回收材料取决于买家的需求。 She said her dresses are used in beauty competitions and are popular with young girls. 她说，她的礼服用于美容比赛，并受到年轻女孩的欢迎。 "I get delighted whenever they win, the designs are simple but they still win," she said. 她说：“每当他们获胜时，我都会感到高兴，这些设计很简单，但它们仍然赢了。”Buenviaje hopes in-person clothing shows called fashion shows and competitions that were stopped during the pandemic will begin again soon. Buenviaje希望在大流行期间停止的时装秀和比赛中的面对面的服装节目将很快开始。 She also aims to organize fashion shows herself to show and help others find ideas to create clothing out of recycled materials. 她还旨在组织时装秀，以展示并帮助其他人找到用回收材料创造服装的想法。
--------
4:05
第2661期:Former Pilot Makes Halloumi Cheese the Old Ways(2)
But there is a dispute within Cyprus about what makes true Halloumi cheese. Should it be made from cow’s milk which has a mellower taste? Or should it be made from goat and ewe milk, as traditionalists argue? 但是，塞浦路斯在《真正的Halloumi奶酪》中存在争议。 应该由牛奶制成，牛奶的牛奶味道含有米洛牛奶的味道？ 还是正如传统主义者所说，应该由山羊和母乳制成？ Panteli started making Halloumi with guidance from a family member. "It was all trial and error with a small pot, then a bigger pot - and just like Steve Jobs - in our garage," he said. 潘特利（Panteli）在家庭成员的指导下开始制作哈洛米（Halloumi）。 他说：“这是一个小锅，然后是一个更大的锅 - 就像史蒂夫·乔布斯（Steve Jobs）一样 - 在我们的车库里。” He uses ewe’s milk to make his Halloumi. He cooks the milk in rennet which thickens the liquid to a solid form called a curdle. After resting, curdles are cut and reheated. Panteli adds salt and puts them in a solution called brine for a few hours. Then, they are done and he prepares for market. 他用母羊的牛奶制作了他的Halloumi。 他将牛奶煮在肾脏中，将液体变稠为固体形式，称为凝乳。 休息后，凝乳被切割并重新加热。 潘特利（Panteli）添加盐，并将其放入称为盐水的溶液中几个小时。 然后，他们完成了，他为市场做准备。 Panteli only has a permit to sell directly to consumers. And he is limited to producing 150 liters of milk a day.Panteli只有直接向消费者出售的许可证。 而且他仅限于每天生产150升牛奶。 But his product is popular. He makes videos on TikTok and the social media service X to let people know where to find him. He usually sells all his cheese within two hours of opening sales. 但是他的产品很受欢迎。 他在Tiktok和社交媒体服务X上制作视频，以便让人们知道在哪里可以找到他。 他通常在开放销售后的两个小时内出售所有奶酪。"Nobody is making the real thing anymore, and that is our aim," Panteli said. He spoke to the Reuters news agency while standing near about 300 noisy sheep at his farm west of Nicosia. 潘特利说：“没有人再做真实的事情，这就是我们的目标。” 他在他的尼科西亚（Nicosia）西部的农场附近站着约300只嘈杂的绵羊，与路透社通讯社进行了交谈。 But some farmers on the Mediterranean island say that Panteli’s method is not workable for all. 但是地中海岛上的一些农民说，潘特利的方法对所有人都不可行。 Nicos Papakyriakou is head of the organization that represents cow farmers. He said that based on an older 1985 trade agreement, Halloumi cheese is made out of not only goat and ewes' milk but cows' milk as well. Nicos Papakyriakou是代表牛农的组织负责人。 他说，基于1985年的一项较旧的贸易协定，Halloumi奶酪不仅是由山羊和母羊的“牛奶，而且还由母牛”牛奶制成。He says the mellow taste of cows' milk has permitted Halloumi to capture overseas markets. "The PDO says it should smell like a farm," he said. He questioned if people would buy it if it smelled “like goats!” 他说，奶牛牛奶的柔和味道使Halloumi捕获了海外市场。 他说：“ PDO说应该闻起来像个农场。” 他询问人们是否闻起来“像山羊！”是否会购买它。
--------
3:00
第2660期:Former Pilot Makes Halloumi Cheese the Old Ways(1)
On a recent cold winter night in the Cypriot capital Nicosia, long lines of people began to form in a public parking area. The crowd was gathering for the arrival of cheesemaker Pantelis Panteli and the load of Halloumi he had for sale. 在最近在塞浦路斯首都尼科西亚（Nicosia）的一个寒冷的冬夜，在公共停车场开始形成一排人。 人群聚集在一起，供奶酪制造商Pantelis Panteli和他出售的Halloumi负载。 Panteli is a relative newcomer to the tradition of Halloumi-making. He had a career as a pilot with Cyprus Airways until 2013, He lost the job as the former company started closing down. Panteli decided to try a very different line of work: cheese-making. The man had found his new career. Panteli是Halloumi制作传统的相对新来者。 直到2013年，他一直在塞浦路斯航空公司（Cyprus Airways）担任飞行员的职业生涯，当前公司开始关闭时，他失去了工作。 潘特利（Panteli）决定尝试截然不同的工作：制作奶酪。 该男子找到了他的新职业。 But, now the newcomer has become an unlikely defender of traditional cheese-making for Cyprus's prized Halloumi. 但是，现在，新来者已经成为塞浦路斯珍贵的Halloumi的传统奶酪制作的不可能的捍卫者。 The European Union named Halloumi a product of Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) in 2021. That means that only approved producers from Cyprus can market the cheese under that name. In exchange for the PDO, Cyprus agreed to increase the quantity of ewe or goat milk to just over 50 percent by July 2024. 欧盟在2021年将哈洛米（Halloumi）命名为受保护原产地指定（PDO）的产物。这意味着只有塞浦路斯的批准的生产商才能以该名称销售奶酪。 为了换取PDO，塞浦路斯同意到2024年7月将母羊或山羊奶的数量增加到50％以上。 But Cypriot farmers are protesting the agreement over a dispute about the ingredients. Industry stakeholders say ewe and goat's milk is highly seasonal, and could therefore affect production levels. Cheese makers had threatened to shut their operations because there was not enough milk. And cattle-raising farmers were angered at the threat to the milk cow market. 但是，塞浦路斯农民就成分的争议抗议达成协议。 行业利益相关者说，母羊和山羊的牛奶是季节性的，因此可能影响生产水平。 奶酪制造商威胁要关闭其业务，因为没有足够的牛奶。 养牛的农民对牛奶牛市场的威胁感到愤怒。 So Cyprus officials now plan to delay the agreement to 2029. 因此，塞浦路斯官员现在计划将协议推迟到2029年。Soft, rubbery Halloumi can be eaten raw. There are also many ways to cook it --- over a fire or heated in liquid or oil. The cheese keeps its shape well in cooking. It is a popular food and the island's second largest export. Medicines are first. 柔软的橡胶Halloumi可以生吃。 也有很多方法可以用液体或油加热或加热。 奶酪在烹饪方面保持良好状态。 它是一种受欢迎的食物，也是该岛的第二大出口。 药物是首先。
Ireland