英语每日一听 | 每天少于5分钟

There's long been concern about the effect that melting ice was having on their ability to hunt seals, their staple diet. But in the Norwegian Archipelago of Svalbard, something surprising has happened. The bears there have gained weight, and for a polar bear, fatter means healthier. Rising temperatures, though, mean that there are now 100 more ice free days per year in Svalbard than when this study began, so the bears are now hunting on the land.
长期以来，人们一直担心海冰融化会影响北极熊捕食海豹的能力，而海豹正是他们的主食。但在挪威的斯瓦尔巴特群岛，一个令人意想不到的情况发生了。那里的北极熊体重增加了，而对于北极熊来说，更胖就意味着更加健康。不过，不断上升的全球气温也意味着斯瓦尔巴特群岛现在每年平均无冰天数比这项研究开始时增加了 100 天，因此那里的北极熊现在开始在陆地上进行捕食。

This unexpected, good news, scientists say, is temporary. As sea ice recedes more, bears may have to travel further between their hunting grounds, using up valuable fat reserves for energy.
科学家们表示，这个出乎意料的好消息只是暂时的。随着海冰进一步消退，北极熊可能需要往返于更远的猎场之间，迫使它们大量消耗本就宝贵的脂肪储备以获取能量。

For years, astronomers have hypothesised about life beyond Earth, especially on the closest planet to Earth – Venus. Venus is often named the Earth's 'evil twin' because of its extremely hot temperature and greenhouse effect, which make it toxic and inhospitable. It is also similar in size, mass and rocky composition.
多年来，天文学家一直假设地球以外存在生命，特别是在距离地球最近的行星——金星上。 金星经常被称为地球的“邪恶双胞胎”，因为它具有极高的温度和温室效应，使其有毒且不适宜居住。 它的大小、质量和岩石成分也相似。

Though no organic molecules have been discovered on Venus, new findings from the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) instrument on board NASA's Magellan spacecraft shows caves lurking beneath the surface. Researchers from Nature Communications add that these could offer us new ideas about the evolution of Venus – about how it might have possibly supported life in the past or could again in the future.
虽然金星上没有发现有机分子，但美国宇航局麦哲伦航天器上的合成孔径雷达 (SAR) 仪器的新发现显示，金星表面下潜伏着洞穴。 《自然通讯》的研究人员补充说，这些可以为我们提供关于金星演化的新想法——关于它如何在过去或将来如何支持生命。

The caves suggest that lava tubes, otherwise known as pyroducts, could be prevalent. The search for pyroducts was challenging at first because the planet is shrouded in thick clouds of sulphur and carbon dioxide that not only contribute to the immense temperature but also block any view of the surface. However, the recent radar images suggest that a big pyroduct lies near Nyx Mons, a large volcano in the highlands of Venus's Bell Regio region.
这些洞穴表明熔岩管（也称为火山熔岩）可能很普遍。 寻找火山产物一开始很困难，因为这颗行星被厚厚的硫和二氧化碳云笼罩着，这不仅导致了巨大的温度，而且挡住了地表的任何视线。 然而，最近的雷达图像表明，金星贝尔区高地的尼克斯蒙斯火山附近有一座大型火山熔岩。

In a 2026 study called 'Radar-based observation of a lava tube on Venus', it can be understood that, in the field of geoscience, volcanoes play an important role in the evolution of a planet. If we think about Earth billions of years ago, volcanoes released gases that helped form our oceans and our atmosphere. Volcanoes keep Earth warm, wet and habitable. So, we have evidence that there are many active volcanoes on Venus, but will we ever be able to live there?
在 2026 年一项名为“基于雷达的金星熔岩管观测”的研究中，可以看出，在地球科学领域，火山在行星的演化过程中发挥着重要作用。 如果我们想想数十亿年前的地球，火山释放的气体有助于形成我们的海洋和大气层。 火山使地球保持温暖、湿润和适宜居住。 那么，我们有证据表明金星上有许多活火山，但我们能够在那里生活吗？

Well, we would require an abundance of water, which is greatly lacking on Venus. But data gathered by the Venus Express orbiter, launched in 2005 by The European Space Agency, could hint toward the planet once having oceans. And though the clouds on Venus rain sulphuric acid, they could still support an exotic biochemistry that thrives in such conditions. There's also plenty of sunlight to serve as a power source for life.
嗯，我们需要大量的水，而金星上却非常缺乏。 但欧洲航天局 2005 年发射的金星快车轨道飞行器收集的数据可能暗示这颗行星曾经拥有海洋。 尽管金星上的云层会下硫酸雨，但它们仍然可以支持在这种条件下蓬勃发展的奇异生物化学。 还有充足的阳光可以作为生命的动力来源。

It's taken decades and millions of health workers traveling by foot, boat and any other way they had to immunize children from polio.
经过数十年努力，数百万医务工作者跋山涉水、不辞辛劳，通过步行、乘船等各种必要方式为儿童接种脊髓灰质炎疫苗。

Health workers have even braved conflict to prevent a horribly crippling disease.
卫生工作者甚至冒着冲突的危险来预防这种可怕的致残疾病。

We've made tremendous progress, working with community leaders, sometimes with military officials,
我们取得了巨大进展，与社区领袖合作，有时也与军方官员协作，

to help deliver vaccine to reduce the number of children that were inaccessible due to conflict down to very very small numbers.
帮助运送疫苗，将因冲突而无法接种疫苗的儿童数量降至极低水平。

Twenty years ago, African governments committed to eradicate polio.
20年前，非洲各国政府开始致力于根除脊髓灰质炎。

Since then, nine billion oral polio vaccines have prevented nearly two million cases of wild polio virus on the continent, according to the World Health Organization.
据世界卫生组织称，自那时起，90亿剂口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗已在非洲大陆预防了近200万例野生脊髓灰质炎病毒病例。

It took a lot of effort from many leaders, traditional leaders, religious leaders and families as well as volunteers and health workers, who came together to make this tremendous feat possible.
许多政府领导人、宗教领袖和家庭以及志愿者与卫生工作者付出了巨大努力，他们齐心协力才使这一壮举成为可能。

The Global Polio Eradication Initiative provided funding and logistical support.
全球根除脊髓灰质炎倡议提供了资金和后勤支助。

This partnership involves the United Nations, Rotary International, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and GAVI, the Vaccine Alliance.
这一伙伴关系涉及联合国、国际扶轮社、 美国疾控中心，比尔及梅琳达·盖茨基金会以及全球疫苗免疫联盟。

The effort also involved a huge disease surveillance network to check sewage for the virus and test cases of paralysis.
这项工作还涉及一个庞大的疾病监测网络，用于检测污水中的病毒并测试瘫痪病例。

But Pandak says the work is not done. It's important that community members continue to immunize their children against polio.
但是Pandak说这项工作还没有完成。重要的是，社区成员要继续为他们的孩子接种脊髓灰质炎疫苗。

That's because polio still exists along the border between Pakistan and Afghanistan.
这是因为脊髓灰质炎仍然存在于巴基斯坦和阿富汗之间的边境，

Until the virus is knocked out of this region, children everywhere still need to be immunized.
在该地区的病毒被彻底消灭之前，各地的儿童仍需接种疫苗。

And children whose immune systems are weak sometimes get a type of polio that's shed from the vaccine into sewage.
免疫系统较弱的儿童有时会感染一种由疫苗排泄到污水中的脊髓灰质炎病毒。

A different oral vaccine will be introduced next year to prevent this from happening.
明年将推出一种不同的口服疫苗，以防止这种情况发生。

Dr. Pate hopes lessons learned from the effort to end polio will continue.
帕特博士希望从根除脊髓灰质炎行动中汲取的经验教训能持续发挥作用。

I hope that some of those assets that have been deployed in the polio eradication effort will then be used to hold on to the gains that we have made,
我希望那些投入于根除脊髓灰质炎行动中的资源，今后能用于巩固我们已取得的成果，

not only on polio but on routine immunization, to ensure that every child everywhere in the world is able to be protected from vaccine preventable diseases.
不仅是在脊髓灰质炎方面，还有常规免疫方面，以确保世界上每个地方的每个孩子都能免受疫苗可预防疾病的侵害。

The polio eradication effort demonstrates two things, that people around the world can come together to accomplish great things, and, Dr. Pate says, it shows that vaccines work.
消灭脊髓灰质炎的努力证明了两件事：世界各地的人们可以团结起来完成伟大的事业，而且正如帕特博士所说，这也证明了疫苗的有效性。

I'm kind of awkward a lot of the time. Like even like just standing around feels like I'm not supposed to be there.
很多时候我都有点手足无措，比如光是站在那里就让我觉得自己不该在那儿。

So a lot of people would be like, "Are you new here?" I'm just like, "No, I'm just uncomfortable."
很多人会问：“你是新来的吗？”我就说：“不，我只是不太自在。”

So it started five years ago. A guy named Brandon Block was talking to his friend and he's like, "We should have a stand-up comedy club".
俱乐部五年前就成立了。一个叫布兰登·布洛克的家伙跟朋友闲聊时突发奇想：“咱们该开个脱口秀俱乐部”。

And they actually started having shows. It attracts a lot of different people because I think a lot of people want to do this as a hobby.
然后他们开始表演节目了。它吸引了很多不同的人，因为我觉得很多人想把这当作一种爱好。

Members go up and then they deliver their about seven-minute stand-up sets.
成员们上台后，会带来大约七分钟的脱口秀表演。

And like, even back home, it just look like I'm lost. People will be like, "So when did you move here?" And I'm like, "I don't know when I was born."
即便是在家乡，我也总是一副迷路的样子。人们会问：“你什么时候搬来的？”而我只能回答：“我都不知道我是什么时候出生的。”

The general rule in the club is that you're allowed to do whatever you want.
俱乐部的一般规则是你可以随心所欲做任何事。

But we just strongly advise against certain controversial topics that are, just cuz you'll offend people but they also, you know, they won't play well on stage.
但我们强烈建议避免某些争议性话题，因为这些不仅会冒犯他人，而且它们在舞台上也不会有好的呈现效果。

You know, if you go up and say something that people are gonna hate for you saying, why are you up there saying it, you know.
如果你上台说一些人们会因为你说的话而讨厌你的话，那你为什么还要上台说呢。

And when we do our writing, we do it similar to a writing class style.
当我们写作的时候，会采用类似写作课的创作方式。

So everyone brings in their own material, and then when we're in a stand-up meeting we workshop it. So we go through it.
每个人都带上自己的材料，然后在脱口秀会议上进行研讨，逐一过一遍材料。

It's very different than any other type of writing I'm doing in my classes.
这与我课堂上所做的其他任何类型的写作都截然不同。

It's just completely different. It's like an outlet for all of my other thoughts and feelings that like can't go into my classes.
这完全是另一回事。这就像是我所有那些无法带入课堂的其他想法和感受的宣泄口。

I was always like, you know, joking around with my friends back in high school.
我在高中的时候经常和朋友开玩笑。

But I think once you start writing, it's always important to like maybe don't always go with your first idea.
但我觉得一旦开始写作，很重要的一点是或许不要总是采用最初的灵感。

Now I've like definitely thought some things that I said were funny and then looked back and like where I got to with the joke was a lot funnier than where I started.
现在我非常确定，有些我觉得好笑的话，回头再看时发现，笑话的结尾比我开始讲的时候有趣多了。

Feel free to take input as well, but also you know everyone has the different style.
尽管可以自由采纳意见，但每个人都有不同的风格。

So like if something doesn't feel natural with you saying it, then like you know don't be afraid to not do it.
要是你说某些话时感觉不自然，别害怕不去做它。

I don't really like do storytelling in my stand-up. So I feel like this would, yeah, I should maybe venture into it a little bit.
我其实不太喜欢在单口喜剧表演里讲故事，我觉得我也许应该稍微尝试一下。

There are these people who think that the Earth is flat, which is funny because it's not true. Factually incorrect. A thing called gravity.
有些人认为地球是平的，这很可笑，因为事实并非如此。完全错误。有一种东西叫重力。

When we have the Tomato Show at the end of the year, we supply these foam tomatoes and people get to like throw them at us during the set. It's really fun.
年底举办番茄秀时，我们会准备这些泡沫番茄，大家在演出过程中可以朝我们扔番茄，特别有意思。

I'm a bit out of practice but I'd like to think that I'm somewhat decent at performing magic tricks.
我有点生疏了，但我觉得自己变魔术还算可以。

And yet, despite every trick that I've mastered, there's one that always eludes me.
然而，尽管我掌握了所有技巧，却总有一种让我捉摸不透。

No matter how hard I try, I just can't seem to make my virginity disappear. [解析]
无论我怎么努力，似乎就是摆脱不了处子之身。

I watched the video and I was like, what a crazy sound. And then after it ended, I like heard the sound in the background.
我看了视频，心想这声音也太不可思议了。 视频结束之后，我好像听到了背景里的声音。

It's quite loud actually. Since then, I've been hearing it almost every afternoon or evening.
其实声音很大。从那以后，我几乎每天下午或者晚上都能听到。

The Golden Gate Bridge has started to sing. The new musical tones that are coming from the Golden Gate Bridge are a known and inevitable phenomenon that stem from our wind retrofit project.
金门大桥又开始唱歌了。从金门大桥传来的新乐声是我们防风改造工程导致的一种已知且不可避免的现象。

It happens during very high winds. We've been replacing handrail on the west sidewalk with new railing that has thin vertical slats that are designed to run more air to flow through them.
一般发生在风力较强的时候。我们一直在更换西侧人行道的扶手，新安装的栏杆采用细长垂直板条设计，这种结构能让更多气流穿过。

One effect of that is that the bridge now at very high winds and with specific angles sings or hums.
这样改进的一个结果是，这座桥现在在强风和特定角度下会发出鸣响或嗡嗡声。

We knew going into the replacement that the bridge would sing during high wind events, but what we didn't know was just how loud that might be.
我们事先就知道更换后的桥梁在大风天气中会发出声响，但没想到声音会这么大。

Some people love it and find it soothing and meditative. Others have found it somewhat unpleasant.
有些人喜欢这种声音，觉得它能让人放松且有冥想的效果。也有人觉得它有点让人不舒服。

I moved to America like five or six years ago to pursue my music career, which is basically DJ-ing and writing electronic music and playing it at clubs and stuff like that.
我大约五六年前搬到美国追求音乐事业，主要是做DJ、创作电子音乐，然后在俱乐部之类的地方演奏。

So, I rode my bike like right into the middle of the bridge and then I just took a field recorder with me and recorded it and then turned it into music.
我骑着自行车径直来到桥中央，随身带了一台便携录音机，录下周围的声音，接着将其制作成了音乐。

I was just working on a few tracks at the time and that one just happened to be slightly closer to being in the key of the bridge.
当时我正在写几首曲子，其中有一首跟大桥声音的主音调特别接近。

I'm not sure, I might use the sample like here and there and a few other tracks maybe.
我可能会用一些大桥声音样本，或许还会用其他一些音轨。

The thing that I found the most interesting about it was that they were doing all this construction and didn't realize until the very end that it was gonna make this huge resonance.
我认为最有趣的是，他们进行了所有这些施工，却直到最后才意识到这将引发巨大的共振效应。

And now it's just like this hum that just emanates through the immediate vicinity of the city around us.
现在就好像有一种嗡嗡声，从我们周围城市的近邻区域散发出来。