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Are you one of those people that sees faces in inanimate objects? Researchers at the National Institutes of Health have been trying to find out why this is. They have pinpointed a circuit in an evolutionarily ancient part of the brain. It's called the superior colliculus, and it helps us recognise facial features. It triggers movement of the eyes, turning of the head and enables us to detect faces.
您是那些在无生命物体中看到面孔的人之一吗？ 美国国立卫生研究院的研究人员一直试图找出其中的原因。 他们在大脑中一个进化古老的部分中找到了一个回路。 它被称为上丘，它帮助我们识别面部特征。 它会触发眼睛的运动、头部的转动，并使我们能够检测面部。

This study helps us understand face pareidolia – the common psychological phenomenon where the brain perceives illusions of faces in objects, like seeing faces in the clouds, exteriors of houses or even in a slice of toast. A study carried out by Susan Wardle showed that the parts of the human brain that respond to faces are sensitive to the shapes of other objects, and that our visual system is optimised for detecting face-like structures.
这项研究帮助我们理解面部空想症——一种常见的心理现象，大脑在物体中感知到面部的幻觉，例如看到云中、房屋外部甚至一片吐司中的面孔。 苏珊·沃德尔 (Susan Wardle) 进行的一项研究表明，人脑中对面部做出反应的部分对其他物体的形状很敏感，而且我们的视觉系统针对检测类似面部的结构进行了优化

To test whether the superior colliculus might help in face detection specifically, researchers assembled a collection of images, including faces, biological non-face objects, like hands and arms, and other miscellaneous items. They then showed these images to adult monkeys in their peripheral field and recorded neural responses in the superior colliculus. It was found that detection of faces was much faster and preferred by neurons. This explains how our brains do it.
为了测试上丘是否有助于面部检测，研究人员收集了一系列图像，包括面部、生物非面部物体（例如手和手臂）以及其他杂项。 然后，他们将这些图像展示给成年猴子的外周视野，并记录上丘的神经反应。 研究发现，面部检测速度要快得多，并且受到神经元的青睐。 这解释了我们的大脑是如何做到这一点的。

But why do our brains do it? Well, it's mainly for survival. According to Dr Amanda Robinson at the University of Queensland, face pareidolia tells us a lot about how we recognise social cues. We can determine whether the person or thing looking at us is a threat because of their facial expression. Richard Krauzlis, senior author of the study, explained that "quick recognition is a key skill in humans and other primates", such as gorillas and chimps. Additionally, biologists have observed human facial recognition and neural developments among species ranging from dogs, sheep, birds and even some insects.
但是我们的大脑为什么要这么做呢？ 嗯，主要是为了生存。 昆士兰大学的阿曼达·罗宾逊博士表示，面部幻想性错觉告诉我们很多关于如何识别社交线索的信息。 我们可以通过面部表情来确定看着我们的人或物是否构成威胁。 该研究的资深作者理查德·克劳兹利斯（Richard Krauzlis）解释说，“快速识别是人类和其他灵长类动物（例如大猩猩和黑猩猩）的一项关键技能”。 此外，生物学家还观察了狗、羊、鸟类甚至一些昆虫等物种的人类面部识别和神经发育。

What we know about recognition of faces and expression can further inform research on conditions such as autism, where face detection and recognition are often impaired from early childhood. It also helps us understand why we think we saw a friendly face in the living room wallpaper.
我们对面部和表情识别的了解可以进一步为自闭症等疾病的研究提供信息，自闭症等疾病的面部检测和识别能力往往从幼儿时期就受到损害。 它还可以帮助我们理解为什么我们认为在客厅壁纸中看到了一张友好的面孔。

As a puppeteer, I make puppets as well. I build my own puppets. I perform.
作为一个木偶师，我也制作木偶。我自己做木偶，自己表演。

If it's my own production, then I have to write the story.
如果是我自己的作品，那我就得写故事了。

People love puppeteers. Whenever I tell people, people ask me, "What do you do?"
人们喜欢木偶师。每当我和别人交流时，他们就会问我：“你是做什么的？”

I say, "I'm a puppeteer." And everybody's first reaction, "Oh."
我说“我是个木偶师。”他们的第一反应都是“哇。”

Puppetry is such a magical art form because it brings things to life just by moving it.
木偶戏是一种神奇的艺术形式，因为它仅仅通过动作就能赋予木偶生命。

And the reason why it's so magical, it not only depends on my own imagination, but it also depends on audience's imagination,
木偶戏的神奇之处，不仅取决于我自己的想象力，也取决于观众的想象力。

because if I am moving these things and then as if this is moving by itself,
因为如果我操纵木偶，就好像是它们自己在动，

but as the audience, I am using my imagination when I move it because I'm looking at you.
但作为观众，我在操纵木偶时运用了想象力，因为我必须看着观众。

I'm looking at myself, but the trick is the audience, they have to invest their own imagination.
我也在审视自己，但关键在于观众得投入自己的想象力。

You have to buy it in order to make it reasonable, right, make it real. I think this imagination, the day when you were born, is in you.
你需要相信我的表演，然后才会觉得合理，觉得真实。我认为人类天生具备想象力。

Everybody can imagine, like when you look at the clouds, "Oh, it's a bird. It's a butterfly." It's just a piece of cloud, but everybody has the imagination.
每个人都会想象，比如说看着云朵时会想：“这朵云像一只鸟，那朵像一只蝴蝶。”那只是一朵云而已，但是每个人都会发挥自己的想象力。

But creatively, people forget about it because, you know, when you are growing up and people say, "This is just a pair of glasses, leave it there", you know, and for many different reasons.
但人们往往会忘记自己具有想象力，因为在你成长的过程中，人们会说：“这不过是一副眼镜，把它放在那儿就行。”当然其中的原因有很多。

But puppetry really stirs up all your internal, you know, imagination, creativity.
但木偶戏可以激发你所有内在的想象力和创造力。

This comes out with simple movements, simple dialogue, simple music, sound, and then put it together.
木偶戏通过简单的动作、对话、音乐和音效呈现出来，然后组合在一起。

And right away, audience understands what you tried to tell them. So, it's fascinating. I'm still learning it. I'm still discovering new things every day.
观众立刻就能明白你想传达的内容，这非常有趣。我仍在学习，每天都在发现新事物。

What can be better than you do something and people love it and pay you for it? That's the best.
还有什么比你做某件事、人们喜欢它并为此付钱给你更好的呢？

Aggressive medication used during a clinical trial paralyzed her left arm and leg.
临床试验期间使用的强效药物导致她的左臂和左腿瘫痪。

As a nurse, Gersh knew she had to take action quickly in order to get moving again.
作为一名护士，格什知道她必须迅速采取行动，以便恢复行动。

Everything was totally limp and flaccid on the left side. She found Neofect, a tech company that uses games to retrain the brain through physical therapy.
左边的身体软弱无力。她找到了Neofect，一家通过物理疗法利用游戏来重新训练大脑的科技公司。

After six months of daily play, she regained most of the movement in her arm.
经过半年的每日练习，她手臂的活动能力已基本恢复。

Neofect CEO Scott Kim leaned on his own experience with rehab as a young child born with spina bifida.
Neofect首席执行官ScottKim借鉴了自己幼时因脊柱裂接受康复治疗的经历。

I had a major surgery on my back, and after the surgery, I had to go through the rehabilitation process, getting up, you know, lying down, getting back and just repeat this.
我背部动了一场大手术，术后必须经历康复过程，起床、躺下、翻身，就这样不断重复。

Kim said repetition is most important part of physical therapy, but it is also boring, monotonous.
金表示重复是物理治疗中最重要的部分，但它也很无聊、单调。

To change that, Neofect developed its flagship product, the smart glove.
为了改变这一现状，Neofect研发了其旗舰产品——智能手套。

It sits on your hand like a light exoskeleton, filled with sensors to track movement.
它像一个轻便的外骨骼一样戴在你的手上，里面布满了用于追踪动作的传感器。

It becomes virtual controller, so all the motions that you're making with the glove on are recognized by the software.
它变成了虚拟控制器，因此你戴着手套做出的所有动作都会被软件识别。

Software keeps track of progress and uses artificial intelligence algorithms to encourage patients to try greater challenges as they improve.
软件会跟踪康复进度，并运用人工智能算法在患者病情好转时鼓励他们尝试更具挑战性的训练。

Now you can say with the software that or you gain, like three degrees on pronation and 15 degrees in you know supination.
现在你可以用这个软件说，比如你获得了三度的旋前和十五度的旋后。

Neofect's latest product is called the Neomano, meaning new hand.
Neoffect的最新产品叫做Neomano，是新手的意思。

Kim says it will actually flex a patient's fingers in cases with no movement at all, further using tech and video games to help patients through tough recoveries.
金表示，对于完全丧失活动能力的患者，该设备能实际弯曲他们的手指，并通过科技与电子游戏进一步帮助患者度过艰难的康复过程。

Humans do it, chimpanzees do it, even polar bears do it. And now a study has shown that kissing likely evolved about 21 and a half million years ago.
人类会接吻，黑猩猩也会接吻，甚至北极熊都会接吻。而如今，一项研究表明，接吻很可能是 2150 万年前出现的。

The mouth-on-mouth kiss is actually something of a biological puzzle, with no obvious survival or reproductive benefits, so the Oxford University-led team gathered evidence of animals that kiss each other on the mouth and worked out their evolutionary relationship to each other and to humans. This revealed that kissing probably evolved in the last common ape ancestor of humans, chimps and bonobos
嘴对嘴的接吻其实是一个生物学谜题，这个行为对生存和繁殖并没有明显的益处。所以，一个由牛津大学主导的团队收集了动物互相之间会亲吻嘴部的证据，然后找到了它们彼此之间以及和人类之间的进化关系。这一研究发现接吻很可能是在人类、黑猩猩和倭黑猩猩的最后一个共同猿类祖先身上进化出来的。

The study suggested that Neanderthals probably kissed too, and that they may have smooched with modern humans when the two species lived alongside each other. The researchers hope that the insight will encourage more scientists to gather data that could finally help solve the evolutionary mystery of why we and many other animals kiss.
这项研究认为尼安德特人很可能也会接吻，并且他们和现代人类在共同生活的时候可能接吻过。研究人员希望这个发现能鼓励更多科学家收集资料并最终解开为什么我们和许多其它动物会接吻这个进化谜题。

Laughter is so important. Laughter is medicine. Laughter is the shortest distance between two people, one of the best gifts we've ever been given.
笑是如此重要。笑是良药。 笑是两个人之间最短的距离，是我们最好的馈赠。

I've been doing stand-up for 15 years. So, I've seen all different kinds of laughers.我做脱口秀已经15年了。我看过各种各样的笑法。

There's the inside laugher, they don't make any noise, they're always just like.
有内向的笑，不发出任何声音，就像这样。

Insecure touchy laughers, they always need reassurance. They always, "Did you see that?" Like, "Yeah, I heard that. We're at the same show."
有不安而敏感的笑，时常需要别人的肯定。他们总是问“你看到了吗”，然后别人会说，“我听到了，我们看的是同一个表演。”

Oh, the snorter, my favorite, you know. It's like such a compliment when you get a snort except you feel bad for their spouse.
还有我最喜欢的笑出猪叫。当别人对你笑出猪叫的时候，事实上是一种褒奖，只不过你会为他们的配偶感到难过。

You're like dang, you're like every morning, "Honey," I'm like, "Oh my God."
比如你每天早上都说“亲爱的。”我就会想“我的天呐。”

I was born and raised in Burbank, California, right here over the mountain and I'm the last of five kids. Two older brothers, two older sisters.
我在加州伯班克出生长大，就在那座山那边，我是五个孩子中最小的。有两个哥哥，两个姐姐。

They're all two years apart and I'm the fifth. I'm 10 years apart. So, I'm an accident, pretty obvious.
他们年龄都相差两岁，而我是老五，和他们相差10岁。很明显，我是个“意外”。

You know, so when I was a kid, I asked my dad, you know, "Papa, am I an accident?"
小时候我会问爸爸，“我是个意外吗？”

And he said, "There are no accidents in God's Kingdom, only regret." My dad disciplined us.
然后他就说，“上帝的世界里没有意外，只有懊悔。”我爸爸很严格。

You guys know, you know, some of you guys, "It hurts me more than it hurts you."
有些人会说，“我比你更痛苦。”

My dad was the pastor of a huge church. So, being a preacher's kid, you're not allowed to listen to the radio, watch, you know, certain kinds of TV.
我爸爸是一个大教堂的牧师。 作为传教士的孩子，我不能听收音机，和看某些电视节目。

So, the first time my friend let me listen to Eddie Murphy Delirious on tape, and he's cursing and he's just making everybody laugh, I was like, "Wait, what is this?"
我朋友第一次让我听《艾迪·墨菲:精神错乱》磁带时，他满嘴脏话却把所有人逗得哈哈大笑，我当时就想，“这是怎么一回事？”

Preachers always said what you're supposed to say. You have to stick to the guidelines.
传教士总是言行得体，必须遵循规章制度。

But comedians always said what people are thinking but were afraid to say.
但谐星往往就是说我们敢想不敢说的话。

A lot of times I was the only Asian amongst a lot of white kids. I was really skinny. They called me Chopsticks, Indiana Bones, Chicken Legs.
很多时候，我是众多白人孩子中唯一的亚洲人。我那时非常瘦，他们叫我筷子，印第安纳骨头和鸡腿。

You know, like I was the skinniest kid, like, you could just tie a string around me and I would just fly away like a kite. I was so skinny, I was bullied.
我当时是最瘦的孩子，瘦到只要在我身上绑根绳子，我就能像风筝一样飞走。我太瘦了，因此被人欺负。

Always made to feel inferior, even though they weren't even doing it on purpose.
我总是觉得很自卑，虽然有时别人不是故意的。

That's how I started doing comedy because I could take away the power of that, them making fun of me, by being funny.
这就是我开始从事喜剧的原因，因为我可以通过展现幽默，消除他们对我的嘲笑。

I have kids. My last name is Kim. I really wanted my son to be a leader, so I was going to name him Martin Luther Kim.
我有孩子，我姓金，我很希望孩子可以成为领袖，所以我原本想取名为马丁·路德·金。

My second choice was Abraham Linkim, but we don't want to put pressure, so we named him Lion. He's the Lion Kim.
第二个选择是亚伯拉罕·林金，但是我们给孩子施压，所以就取名Lion Kim。

I have the best parents and the best older brothers and sisters ever. I've had so many conversations with friends who've had just so many bad family situations, like most.
我有世界上最好的父母和哥哥姐姐。我总是听朋友抱怨他们糟糕的家庭关系，大多数人都是这样。

My dad was worried but I'm always going to be thankful because he came to one comedy show and then he died suddenly after. So, I'm always gonna have that memory of him. He came.
我爸爸总是很担心我，但我会永远心怀感激，因为他来看了一场喜剧表演，之后就突然去世了。我永远会记得他来过。

And you know, when you do talk about your ethnicity a lot, a lot of comedians, a lot of comments that like, "See, it's all they do, they talk about", you know.
当你经常谈论自己的族裔身份时，很多喜剧演员会有很多类似这样的评论，“又来了，他们只会讲这个，整天就聊这些。”

But just because a lot of them, they don't understand what it's like to be the only one of a different color in the room. They have never felt that.
但这是因为他们不明白在房间里成为唯一一个不同肤色的人是什么感觉。他们无法感同身受。

When I walked onto the stage, I used to get butterflies, but I have performed for so long now, I don't feel that anymore.
我以前走上舞台时还会很紧张， 但是表演经验多了之后，就没有这种感觉了。

But it's the best rush and by far, making people laugh and helping them forget about their problems is the best drug.
迄今为止，逗人发笑是帮他们忘掉烦恼的灵丹妙药。