英语每日一听 | 每天少于5分钟

It's written in Positive Psychology and Tourism that recreational travel is essential for our happiness, well-being and quality of life. It may also increase creativity by giving people permission to break free of ordinary patterns, helping them to conceptualise new ideas, as studied by American psychologist, JP Guilford. According to the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, those who travel, even more so, travel abroad, tend to be more open, aware and emotionally stable.
《积极心理学和旅游》中写道，休闲旅行对于我们的幸福、福祉和生活质量至关重要。 美国心理学家 JP 吉尔福德 (JP Guilford) 的研究表明，它还可以通过允许人们打破常规模式来帮助他们构思新想法，从而提高创造力。 根据《人格与社会心理学杂志》的研究，那些旅行过的人，尤其是出国旅行的人，往往更加开放、有意识、情绪稳定。

But for some, summer is a project. A mood board. A glowing expectation that hangs over the few months making it something to live up to. It can carry a pressure to be optimised and remembered. A Holiday Mental Health Report from 2025 found that nearly 69% of Americans feel pressure to appear happier than they actually are, with many describing events as obligations rather than genuine enjoyment. It was seen that millennials and Gen Z respondents experience a high degree of pressure. So, why is this?
但对某些人来说，夏天是一个项目。 情绪板。 几个月来，人们一直怀着强烈的期望，这使得它成为值得实现的事情。 它可能会带来被优化和记住的压力。 一份 2025 年节日心理健康报告发现，近 69% 的美国人感到压力，要表现得比实际更快乐，许多人将这些活动描述为义务，而不是真正的享受。 可以看出，千禧一代和 Z 世代受访者承受着很大的压力。 那么，这是为什么呢？

Increasingly, social media plays a role in what we expect summer to be and how we choose to experience it. A study named The Impact of Social Media on the Travel and Tourism Industry shows that social media can shape how we plan our holidays. Statistics taken from a 2023 online survey of around 3,000 travellers from different countries shows that 75% of people were inspired by social media to travel to a specific destination. 57% were likely to capture content for their social media accounts, and the top motivation for 49% of respondents was to have their holiday in a place that will look great in photos and videos.
社交媒体越来越多地影响着我们对夏天的期待以及我们选择如何体验夏天。 一项名为“社交媒体对旅行和旅游业的影响”的研究表明，社交媒体可以影响我们计划假期的方式。 2023 年对来自不同国家的约 3,000 名旅行者进行的在线调查统计显示，75% 的人受到社交媒体的启发前往特定目的地旅行。 57% 的受访者可能会为其社交媒体帐户捕获内容，49% 的受访者的首要动机是在照片和视频中看起来很棒的地方度假。

Social media can make travel feel more accessible, especially for people who rely on recommendations rather than traditional travel guides or word-of-mouth. But there is a down-side to this. It's written in How the Intention to Share Can Undermine Enjoyment: Photo-Taking Goals and Evaluation of Experiences, that people who take photos just to share them enjoy experiences less. Their holidays are imagined, curated, and shaped in advance. Sometimes moments are even enhanced or staged. This is due to the pressure to present in a certain way. And, as explained in the same article, we're more likely to feel underwhelmed or even downright disappointed if our reality feels different to how we imagined it photographed through a lens.
社交媒体可以让旅行变得更容易，尤其是对于那些依赖推荐而不是传统旅行指南或口碑的人来说。 但这有一个缺点。 《分享的意图如何破坏享受：拍照目标和体验评估》一文中写道，仅仅为了分享而拍照的人会更少享受体验。 他们的假期是提前想象、策划和塑造的。 有时甚至会增强或上演某些时刻。 这是由于以某种方式呈现的压力。 而且，正如同一篇文章中所解释的，如果我们的现实感觉与我们通过镜头拍摄的想象不同，我们更有可能感到不知所措，甚至彻底失望。

It can surely be said that, because of social media, we can more easily create itineraries and lists of all the places we want to go. Snapping pictures of pretty places isn't necessarily wrong, but doing so with only the intention to post on social media can make us feel stressed. Social media can be a detriment to travel and make you feel like you have to live up to an expectation of what the perfect summer looks like. But let's not forget the same platforms can inspire exploration and help people discover moments that they might never have found otherwise.
可以肯定地说，有了社交媒体，我们可以更轻松地创建行程并列出我们想去的所有地方。 拍摄美丽地方的照片不一定是错误的，但仅仅为了在社交媒体上发布而这样做会让我们感到压力。 社交媒体可能不利于旅行，让您觉得自己必须辜负对完美夏天的期望。 但我们不要忘记，同样的平台可以激发探索并帮助人们发现他们可能永远不会发现的时刻。

Research shows that 15 years after college, US mothers earn 11% less than women without children and 42% less than fathers. This is called the “motherhood penalty.”
研究显示，在大学毕业 15 年后，美国母亲的收入比没有孩子的女性低 11%，比父亲（有孩子的男性）低 42%。这种现象被称为“母职惩罚”（motherhood penalty）。

Many women who became mothers told The New York Times that having kids forced them to leave careers or take part-time jobs. Child care was too expensive, and some had children with special needs. One woman said motherhood should come with a warning label. Another said she lost 750,000 dollars in potential earnings. Mothers said they were tired, stressed, and left out of promotions or special projects. While men with kids often advanced, women with kids disappeared from the workplace. Many stopped saving for retirement or lost job benefits like pensions and Social Security. Some felt trapped, dependent on their husbands, or scared for the future. Others couldn’t return to work even with degrees and experience. Still, most said having children was worth it. They just didn’t expect the financial and emotional cost to be so high.
许多成为母亲的女性向《纽约时报》表示，生育孩子迫使她们离开原本的职业，或只能从事兼职工作。育儿成本过于高昂，而有些人的孩子还有特殊照护需求。一位女性说，“成为母亲应该附带一张警示标签。” 另一位则表示，自己因此损失了约 75 万美元的潜在收入。许多母亲表示，她们长期感到疲惫、压力沉重，并且在职场中经常被排除在晋升机会或重要项目之外。相比之下，有孩子的男性往往能够继续获得晋升，而有孩子的女性却逐渐从职场中消失。许多人不得不停止为退休储蓄，或失去了养老金、社会保障等工作福利。有些人感到被现实困住，不得不依赖丈夫生活，或对未来充满担忧；还有一些人即使拥有大学学历和丰富的工作经验，也无法重返职场。尽管如此，大多数受访者仍表示，拥有孩子依然是值得的。只是她们从未预料到，为人母所付出的经济代价和心理压力竟会如此巨大。

The celebrated British artist David Hockney has died at his home in London at the age of 88, just a month before his 89th birthday.
英国著名艺术家大卫·霍克尼（David Hockney）在伦敦家中去世，享年 88 岁，距离他 89 岁生日仅一个月。

Hockney was widely recognized as one of the most influential figures of the modern era and a key leader of the 1960s pop art movement.
霍克尼被公认为现代最具影响力的艺术家之一，也是 20 世纪 60 年代波普艺术运动（Pop Art）的重要代表人物。

Throughout his long career, he was a creative genius who loved to experiment with different mediums. He constantly innovated by using traditional paint, photography, and even digital iPads to capture the world around him. Hockney is perhaps best known for his stunning, sun-drenched paintings of swimming pools in California, which explored light, water, and joyful colors. In 2018, one of these iconic pool paintings sold for nearly 70 million pounds at an auction, and set a record for a living artist.
在漫长的艺术生涯中，他是一位极具创造力的艺术天才，热衷于尝试各种不同的创作媒介。他不断创新，运用传统绘画、摄影，甚至数字 iPad 来记录和描绘周围的世界。霍克尼最广为人知的作品，或许就是那些充满阳光气息的加州泳池系列画作。这些作品通过对光线、水面和明快色彩的描绘，展现出独特的艺术魅力。2018 年，其中一幅经典的泳池画在拍卖会上以近 7000 万英镑的价格成交，创下了当时在世艺术家作品拍卖价格的最高纪录。

He worked hard for four to six hours every single day because drawing gave him a clear purpose, always following his one simple rule: paint the things you love.
他每天都会坚持工作四到六个小时，因为绘画赋予了他明确的人生目标。他始终遵循着一条简单的原则：画你所热爱的东西。

The rise of AI influencers is sparking ethical debates.
AI 网红（AI Influencer）的崛起正引发一系列伦理争议。

AI models like Aitana, with pink hair and thousands of followers, generate significant income from brand endorsements, especially in the beauty and fitness sectors. Although Aitana doesn’t exist, her agency in Barcelona makes her appear lifelike through advanced editing techniques. AI influencers appeal to many, especially young people who might not always realize they are unreal. Critics are concerned these AI models promote unrealistic beauty standards, leading young people to compare themselves with digital images of perfection.
像拥有粉红色头发、数千名粉丝的 AI 模特 Aitana，凭借品牌代言获得了可观的收入，尤其是在美容和健身领域。尽管 Aitana 并不存在，但她位于巴塞罗那的经纪公司通过先进的图像编辑技术，让她看起来与真人几乎无异。AI 网红对许多人，特别是年轻人，具有很强的吸引力，而他们有时甚至意识不到这些形象是虚构的。批评者担心，这类 AI 模特会宣扬不切实际的审美标准，导致年轻人拿自己与这些完美无瑕的数字形象进行比较。

Initially, Aitana’s creators tried making more diverse models, but the public response was unfavorable. The agency recently adjusted to this feedback by creating a wider range of models, though female AI models remain in higher demand than male models. Aitana’s popularity even led to her endorsement by a car company for an AI assistant project.
最初，Aitana 的创作者曾尝试打造更多元化的 AI 模特，但公众反应并不理想。随后，该经纪公司根据反馈进行了调整，推出了更加多样化的 AI 模特形象，不过女性 AI 模特的市场需求仍然高于男性 AI 模特。Aitana 的高人气甚至吸引了一家汽车公司邀请她代言其 AI 助手项目。

British Prime Minister Keir Starmer has announced a strict new plan to ban social media sites for children under 16 to protect them online and give kids their childhood back.
英国首相基尔·斯塔默（Keir Starmer）宣布了一项严格的新计划，禁止16岁以下儿童使用社交媒体平台，以保护他们的网络安全，并让孩子们重新拥有属于自己的童年。

The far-reaching restrictions will completely block under-16s from popular platforms like TikTok, Snapchat, and Instagram. Furthermore, the government will impose tough restrictions on gaming and livestreaming services, where strangers can currently contact young children unchecked. Starmer explained that the government already has the power to start this process, with new regulations coming by the end of the year and a full ban starting next spring.
这项影响深远的限制措施将全面禁止16岁以下未成年人使用TikTok、Snapchat和Instagram等热门社交平台。此外，政府还将对游戏平台和直播服务实施严格限制，因为目前陌生人仍然可以在这些平台上不受限制地接触年幼儿童。斯塔默表示，政府已经拥有启动这一措施所需的法律权限，相关新法规将在今年年底前出台，而全面禁令将于明年春季正式生效。

This decision comes after growing worries about the serious mental health risks and insecurities caused by too much screen time. A huge government consultation received over 116,000 responses, where more than 83% of parents said that online risks heavily outweigh the benefits. While many parents and teachers fully welcome the ban, some psychologists argue there is no real proof it will work.
这项决定是在社会各界越来越担忧过度使用电子屏幕会导致严重心理健康问题和不安全感的背景下作出的。一项由政府发起的大规模公众咨询共收到超过11.6万份反馈，其中超过83%的家长认为，网络带来的风险远远超过其益处。尽管许多家长和教师都对这项禁令表示欢迎，但一些心理学家认为，目前并没有确凿证据证明这项措施能够真正发挥作用。