英语每日一听 | 每天少于5分钟

It's all about changing the narrative of black history, building leaders through the story of my ancestors.
这一切都是为了改变黑人历史的叙事，通过讲述我祖先的故事来培养领导者。

We produce educational toys where children can learn black history in a very fun and creative way.
我们生产教育玩具，让孩子们能够以一种非常有趣和富有创意的方式学习黑人历史。

The focus really is to kind of see black history through a different lens instead of focusing on oppression and slavery.
重点实际上是通过不同的视角来看待黑人历史，而不是聚焦于压迫和奴隶制。

I don't want that to be their first thought anymore. I want the first thought when people think of black history is to be resiliency and leadership.
我不想让这再成为他们的第一印象。我希望当人们想到黑人历史时，第一印象是坚韧与领导力。

Bevy & Dave, I named Bevy after my daughter, Beverly, and I named Dave after my brother, David. The first toy I created is the History Makers Puzzle Block Set.
Bevy & Dave这个游戏品牌名源于我的女儿Beverly和哥哥David。我发明的第一款游戏是《方块拼图学历史》。

It was launched in 2016. We're going to put the alphabet together and not repeat the same letters. It starts for age 3, plus.
它于2016年推出。我们要把字母组合起来，且不重复使用相同的字母。它适合3岁及以上的孩子。

And so, with that one, I didn't want to continue the story of "a" is for apple. On this History Makers Puzzle Block Set, it's "a" for appreciation.
在这个游戏里，我不想延续a代表苹果的故事。在《方块拼图学历史》中，"a"代表感激。

Appreciation, that's right. And then when you turn the block, they'll learn that it means to be thankful.
当你翻转积木时，他们会明白这意味着心怀感恩。

So, it would be a word like leadership, strategy, or it would be a historic figure or historic fact.
可能会有领导力、策略这样的词，或者一个历史人物、历史故事。

"W" is for Maggi Walker where they get a chance to learn about her being the first female bank president.
“W”代表Maggi Walker，她是第一位女性银行行长。

So, they get the opportunity to now experience the alphabet in a different way. The second toy, I wanted to focus on inventors.
他们现在有机会以不同的方式体验字母表。第二款玩具，我想聚焦于发明家。

I put their faces on there purposely because I wanted people and children to see who created these remarkable things we're all experiencing every day.
我特意把他们的脸印在那里，因为我想让人们和孩子们知道，是谁创造了这些日常生活中的非凡事物。

Frederick Jones, he invented mobile refrigeration, because before him we didn't have a way to safely transport food that was perishable.
弗雷德里克·琼斯发明了移动制冷技术，因为在他之前，我们没有办法安全运输易腐食品。

Norbert Rillieux, he invented automated sugar refining. Where does this one go? Can it go here?
诺伯特·瑞利克斯发明了自动炼糖技术。这一步怎么走？能走这吗？

I want children of other ethnic groups to also learn through the lens of that story, which I'm trying to share. Can you put the refrigerated cold truck here?
我希望其他族裔的孩子也能通过我试图分享的那个故事来学习。你能把冷藏车停在这里吗？

For a child to play with different toys that represent their own culture but other cultures is really important especially at an early age.
让孩子玩代表自己文化以及其他文化的不同玩具非常重要，尤其是在幼年时期。

That really creates more openness. It creates understanding. It creates more conversations for parents to have with their children about race and ethnicity.
这确实能创造更多的开放性。它能增进理解，还能让家长和孩子就种族和民族问题展开更多的交流。

Currently, my educational toys are used in different preschools and elementary schools in different states.
目前，我的益智玩具被用于不同州的各个学前班和小学。

So what we need to do, we need to look around on each side and find. Can you guys find the letter on each side of these cubes?
我们需要做的是看看每一面并寻找。你们能在这些方块的每一面找到字母吗？

My name is Brittany Simmons. I teach Pre-K 4 English at Sela Public Charter School. So, can you help us find the letter C?
我叫布列塔尼·西蒙斯，在塞拉公立特许学校教K-4级学前英语。你能帮我们找到字母C吗？

One of the games that we play is we use the multi-functional blocks. The more they see while they are putting them together, they see the different sides.
我们玩的游戏之一是用多功能积木搭建。他们在拼搭时看到的东西越多，就越能观察到不同的侧面。

And it provokes a lot of questions. So, we have a lot of discussions around what they see.
这引发了很多问题。我们围绕他们所看到的内容进行了很多讨论。

Frederick M. Jones. Let's finish putting it together because he invented something. He's on this puzzle. That means he invented something.
弗雷德里克·M·琼斯。咱们把它拼完吧，因为他发明了一些东西。他在这幅拼图里，所以肯定发明了什么东西。

They hear a lot about different inventions that were made, people in history, why they were so relevant. They learn different vocabulary words.
他们了解到很多关于不同的发明、历史人物以及这些发明和人物为何如此重要的信息。他们学习不同的词汇。

It's definitely a conversation piece. So these men created all of the things you see here.
这绝对是个能引发话题的游戏。这些人创造了你在这里看到的所有东西。

We just have to learn to appreciate and enjoy every part of the story that everybody brings.
我们只需要学会欣赏和享受每个人所带来的故事。

And that to me is how we make the world better. And I hope Bevy & Dave will be a part of that. I really do.
对我来说，这就是我们让世界变得更美好的方式。我希望Bevy&Dave能成为其中的一部分。我真心希望如此。

This is a slime mold. Cat Chang is an urban designer. But in her spare time, she likes to examine other life-forms.
这是一种黏菌。凯特·张是一名城市设计师。但在业余时间，她喜欢研究其他生命。

Ever since I was a little girl, I've been interested in the natural world. We're native Hawaiian. Our family and my grandmother would take me around her yard.
从我还是个小女孩起，我就对自然界感兴趣。我们是夏威夷原住民。我的家人和祖母会带我在她的院子里转转。

She would show us all the plants and how you use them. And later when I was interested in learning about fungi, I didn't have anybody to help me with it.
她会向我们展示所有的植物以及如何使用它们。后来当我对学习真菌感兴趣时，却没有人能在这方面帮助我。

Someone suggested iNaturalist to me, and it's on your cell phone.
有人向我推荐了iNaturist， 在手机上就可以使用。

iNaturalist is a joint initiative of National Geographic and the California Academy of Sciences.
iNaturist是国家地理和加州科学院联合发起的应用。

Essentially, people can take a photo of anything living, plants, animal, fungus, slime mold, put it on the website and other people identify it.
从本质上讲，人们可以给任何生物拍照，比如植物、动物、真菌、黏菌，然后把照片上传到网站上，由其他人来识别它们。

The app compares the image with those already in the database to begin the identification process. But ultimately, human experts weigh in.
该应用程序将图像与数据库中已有的图像进行比对，以启动识别过程。但最终，还需要人类专家进行评估。

The best part of it is there's a community of people that can also participate.
最棒的部分就是有一个我们可以参与进来的社区。

It's used by scientists to collect data, and actually write papers, as well as just amateur people who are really interested in getting more involved and caring more about nature.
科学家们用它来收集数据，甚至撰写论文，同样适用于那些真正热衷于更深入参与、更加关心自然的业余爱好者。

This time of year, I'm particularly looking for salamanders. Oh, there he is poking out of the wood although.
每年这个时候，我特别喜欢找蝾螈。它正从木头里探出头来呢。

And I always like to see mammals, they're one of my favorites, and birds of course. I have almost 55,000 observations. It's a lot.
我总是喜欢观察哺乳动物，它们是我的最爱之一，当然还有鸟类。我已经记录了近55000条观察记录。这数量相当多。

iNaturalist has observations from every country in the world. Right now, I believe we have over 26 million observations and about 700,000 active users.
iNaturalist拥有来自世界各国的观察记录。目前，我相信我们已经收集了超过2600万条观察记录，拥有约70万活跃用户。

This collaboration across continents led recently to a surprising discovery in California.
这种跨大洲的合作最近在加利福尼亚州有了一个惊人的发现。

The type of giant sunfish whose normal habitat is thousands of miles to the south, an indication perhaps of a rapidly changing world.
这种巨型太阳鱼的正常栖息地在数千英里以南，这或许表明世界正在迅速变化。

My name is Dwayne Hendrickson and I'm from Minot, North Dakota, about 50 miles out of Keif.
我叫德韦恩·亨德里克森，来自北达科他州米诺特市，距离基夫约50英里。

But my grandparents lived on a farm near Kief prior to 1968 and a small-town community that everybody knew everybody and everybody helped everybody.
但在1968年之前，我的祖父母住在基夫附近的农场里，那是一个小镇社区，每个人都认识彼此，每个人都互相帮助。

And it was just a different atmosphere, a different atmosphere of listening to people who didn't speak English, and you were trying to figure out what they were saying.
那是一种不同的氛围，人们听着那些不会说英语的人讲话，然后试图弄明白他们在说什么。

My father came from Germany. He's a Helme from Germany. His dad got on a ship over at Odessa, Russia and came over here in 1902.
我父亲来自德国。他是德国赫尔姆人。他的父亲在1902年从俄罗斯的敖德萨登上一艘船来到了这里。

And then he homesteaded in 1905. He found some land and he homesteaded.
然后他在1905年申请了宅基地。他找到了一块地并申请了宅基地。

And if they homesteaded, was I believe 160 acres, and if they lived on it for five years, then they got the title.
他们安顿下来后，我记得是160英亩，要是他们在那片土地上住满五年，就能获得土地所有权。

The train came out here and this is what they used to call a tank town. They had a big water tank for the old steam locomotive.
火车开到这里，这就是他们过去常说的“水塔镇”。他们为老式蒸汽机车建了一个大水塔。

It would stop here and fill up water and then go again. And that's where people settled because they were able to ride the train and the train brought in all the goods.
它会在这里停下来加水，然后再出发。而人们之所以在此定居，是因为他们可以乘坐火车，火车还运来了各种货物。

Mainly lumber, mainly lumber so that they could build houses and stuff and then, passengers stopped riding it. It was back in the 50s.
主要是用来建房子之类的木材；后来，乘客不再乘坐它了。那是在20世纪50年代。

My folks were born, I mean, born here and stuff. My mom is a German and my dad is a Russian or a Ukrainian. A lot of them got old.
我的父母是在这里出生的。我妈妈是德国人，我爸爸是俄罗斯人或乌克兰人。他们很多人都老了。

I mean, like, Michalanko's up there. They had a gas station there. And then Benny Krueger's, he just passed away a few years ago.
比如，米哈兰科一家住在那里。他们在那里开了个加油站。还有本尼·克鲁格，他几年前刚去世。

A lot of them got old. I mean like Ischenkos, Shevchenko's, Karoenkos, Dislevys.
很多人都变老了。像依科兰克斯、史福克兰可、卡罗恩克斯和迪斯莱维斯都老了。

The researchers discovered that the European hedgehog can hear up to 85kHz, a frequency that's considered ultrasonic, far higher than humans who stop hearing past 20kHz.
研究人员发现，西欧刺猬能听到达到 85 千赫的声音，这已属于超声波频段，远高于人类 20 千赫的听觉上限。

The team now wants to develop sound repellents to be used in cars or lawnmowers that could emit noise at a frequency to scare off hedgehogs.
基于此发现，该团队目前正致力于开发出能安装在汽车或割草机上的声音驱赶器，通过发射特定频率的噪音来吓跑刺猬。

Thousands of hedgehogs a year are killed in road collisions, and the scientists say the discovery could be a game changer. It could also reveal if the animals communicate to each other using noises that humans can't hear.
每年都有数千只刺猬在马路上被撞死，而科学家们表示，这项新发现可能会彻底改变现状。它或许还能揭示这些动物是否会利用人类听觉范围之外的声音进行交流。

Lots of places sell or advertise collagen supplements, but what are the benefits of taking them on a daily basis? A new scientific review by a team from Anglia Ruskin University, published in the Aesthetic Surgery Journal Open Forum, has looked into exactly this, and here's what it found.
很多地方都销售或宣传胶原蛋白补充剂，但每天服用胶原蛋白究竟有哪些益处？安格利亚鲁斯金大学的一个团队在《美容外科杂志开放论坛》上发表了一项研究，针对这个问题进行了深入探讨，以下是其研究发现。

Let's start with the basics. What is collagen? Well, it's a type of protein found naturally in the body. It supports and strengthens the skin, nails, bone and connective tissues. But the amount the body makes drops with age.
首先从最基本的概念说起。胶原蛋白是什么？它是一种天然存在于体内的蛋白质。胶原蛋白支撑并加固皮肤、指甲、骨骼和结缔组织。但其合成速度随着年龄增长而下降。

The team behind this review assessed the results of 113 trials involving nearly 8,000 people, and say it brings together the strongest evidence to dateon collagen supplements. They say it shows the pills orpowderscan offer some realskin-rejuvenatinggains. Taken daily, the protein can improveskin toneorelasticityandmoisture, but it doesn't appear to prevent other signs of ageing, such aswrinkles. The researchers also say supplements can boost collagen levels to easejoint painandstiffnessfromwear-and-tear arthritis.
该研究团队评估了涉及 8000 人的 113 个试验结果，并表示这是迄今为止对胶原蛋白补充剂的效果最强有力的证据。研究指出，服用胶原蛋白片或胶原蛋白粉确实能带来一定的 “焕肤” 功效。坚持每天服用，胶原蛋白可以改善肤色、弹性和水分，但似乎无法预防其它老化痕迹，比如皱纹。研究人员还表示，这些补充剂可以提升胶原蛋白水平，从而缓解由磨损性关节炎导致的关节疼痛与僵硬。

Experts say consumers should be cautious about bold anti-ageing claims and weigh up the potential benefits against the price. And there are several types of supplements people can take, including marine from fish, bovine from cows and vegan collagen. The review was unable to show if any worked better than the others.
专家表示，消费者应该警惕夸张的抗衰老宣传，并权衡潜在的益处和价格。目前市面上有多种胶原蛋白补充剂可供选择，包括鱼胶原、牛胶原和纯素胶原蛋白。这篇综述尚无法证实其中哪一种的效果更好。