Thinking On Paper

Quantum computing had zero logical qubits. In 2024 that changed. The entire industry crossed a threshold that nobody had managed to cross in three and a half decades. Infleqtion was one of the first companies through.In this episode, Mark and Jeremy learn from Pranav Gokhale, CTO of Infleqtion, and Sam Stanwyck, Group Product Manager for Quantum Computing at Nvidia. They learn how Nvidia built a four microsecond connection between a GPU and a quantum processor and why that number is the difference between theory and reality. They get into why a GPU and a quantum computer are not competitors but the most complementary technologies ever built. They cover how Infleqtion's quantum computers use the same power as ten hairdryers even at 1,600 qubits. They talk through why drug discovery, battery design and material science are the first industries that quantum will actually change. Finally, they find out about a $20 million NASA partnership sending a quantum gravity sensor to space to measure gravity.
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Chapters

(00:00) Why quantum computing matters right now 
(01:20) Why Nvidia is betting big on quantum 
(02:52) NVQ-Link: the bridge between quantum and classical computing
(09:29) Who decides what runs on the quantum computer vs the GPU?
(12:33) AI helping quantum, quantum helping AI 
(16:56) Building a space elevator battery: a real quantum workflow 
(20:09) The quantum algorithm zoo 
(22:04) From noisy qubits to logical qubits 
(24:00) How much energy does a quantum computer actually use? 
(27:05) The no-cloning theorem
(27:20) The biggest unanswered question in quantum computing
(30:47) A $20M NASA program and a telescope for underground 
(33:32) What do we want humans to be?

Glen Martin is an aerospace engineer and CEO of the Extraterrestrial Mining Company. Helium-3 powers quantum computers, fuel fusion reactors, and end energy scarcity on Earth, and almost nobody is talking about it.

There's barely 29 kilograms of it left in the US reserve, and there's 1.1 million tons on the moon. The race to get it has already begun.

Expect to learn what helium-3 is and why it could power civilisation, why quantum computing is already running out of it, how a private company plans to finance a lunar mine, and whether the US can build a cislunar economy before China does.

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Timestamps

(00:00) Trailer
(02:45) What is Helium-3, and why are we mining the Moon?
(05:29) Why there’s almost no Helium-3 on Earth, and a million tons on the Moon
(09:01) How Helium-3 could be harvested from lunar dust
(10:33) Fusion without fallout: the clean-energy promise of Helium-3
(13:01) Space-based solar power and fusion: two paths to future energy.
(17:56) How private companies plan to finance Moon mining
(21:52) The new space race: U.S., China, and the competition for lunar fuel
(25:03) Can treaties prevent conflict over Moon resources?
(27:37) AI, autonomy, and the machines that will mine the Moon
(29:31) NASA’s commercial lunar payloads and the rise of space infrastructure
(31:08) What lunar regolith tells us about Helium-3 reserves
(33:35) The trillion-dollar question: who profits from space resources?
(36:17) Curiosity, wonder, and the future of human exploration
(40:01) Technology, morality, and the choice to be good

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Carissa Véliz wrote Privacy is Power because she wanted people to understand what is actually being taken from them when they hand over their data.
Not their browsing history. Not their location. Their autonomy. Their ability to be unknown. Their right to make mistakes without those mistakes being permanent, profitable, and portable.
Somewhere, right now, algorithms are making decisions about your life. A loan. A job. An insurance premium. A news feed curated to make you feel a particular way about politics. You didn't apply. You weren't consulted. You cannot see the criteria. You cannot appeal the outcome.
You just live with it.
This conversation covers the full picture. What surveillance capitalism actually is and how it works. Why privacy is not just your problem but everyone's. Why the line between government and corporate surveillance disappeared and why that matters. And what you can do about it today, with the phone in your hand, without becoming a hermit or a conspiracy theorist.

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TIMESTAMPS
(00:00) Trailer
(02:26) What Is Privacy
(05:31) Is Democracy At Risk?
(08:34) Government & Big Tech
(10:39) How To Decouple Big Tech & Government
(12:33) Privacy & The Common Human Experience
(16:02) Tools To Protect Your Privacy
(17:18) Cookie Clutter
(19:30) ChatGPT Writes Policy
(20:05) Radical Open Mindedness
(21:52) AI Alignment
(22:56) AI Ethics
(28:09) How To Erase Your Data
(29:27) What Should Humanity Be?

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Skyler Chan is the 22-year-old founder and CEO of Gru. And he's building a hotel on the moon. And if all goes to plan, the first paying customers could be there as soon as 2032.
Of course much has to go right to get there. And much more can go wrong.
So let's start with the basics. The moon will kill you in three ways. Pressure. Temperature. Radiation. Gru's answer to the first two is an inflatable. A structure that ships flat, deploys on the lunar surface, and holds enough pressure and warmth to keep a human being alive. Their answer to radiation is a brick. Not a metaphorical brick. An actual brick, made on the moon, from the moon, using a chemical process they're bringing from Earth and mixing with lunar soil.
Nobody has ever made anything on the moon. Gru wants to be first.
The plan runs in three stages. First launch proves the technology — make a brick, inflate a bladder, don't die. Second launch scales it. Third launch puts people inside. The target date for guests checking in is 2032. The target capacity is four people. The target price per kilogram to get there is a hundred times cheaper than it costs today.
A lot has to go right.
But Skyler's argument is simple and it's hard to shake. This isn't a technology problem. We went to the moon in 1969 with less computing power than the phone in your pocket. We know how to do this. What's been missing is someone willing to start.
He started.

Please enjoy.
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Chapters

(00:00) Trailer
(02:19) Building a Hotel on the Moon
(06:06) The Logistics of Space Travel
(06:47) Economic Considerations for Lunar Ventures
(10:03) Merging Technologies for Lunar Habitats
(10:59) First Mission: Building the First Brick on the Moon
(13:15) Changing Perceptions of Space Projects
(16:25) The Human Spirit and Interplanetary Exploration
(19:40) Responsibility of Being an Interplanetary Species

Philip Johnston is the CEO of Starcloud. He put an Nvidia H100 chip in space and gave a TED talk about it. As you do if you're responsible for building the infrastructure for space-based data centers. 

Elon Musk was not the first. He follows in the footsteps of Mr Johnston. And so, rather than Mr SpaceX, our first technology reaction video is this TED talk from San Francisco.   

We watched it for the first time. Live. On TV. 

This is not theoretical. It's also not up to date. Philip filmed this in October 2025. Starcloud have already launched the Nvidia H100 on a Falcon 9 up into space. 

It's happening disruptors and curious minds. It's happening. 

Philip predicts most data centers will be in space within 10 years. 

We agree. 

Please enjoy the show.

Cheers, 

Mark & Jeremy.

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Other ways to connect with us:
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