Talking Sleep

• Beauty Sleep: How Skin Health and Sleep Are Connected

  In this episode of Talking Sleep, host Dr. Seema Khosla welcomes Dr. Faisal Ali, professor of dermatology at the University of Central Lancashire and consultant dermatologist specializing in Mohs micrographic and laser surgery, to explore the fascinating connections between sleep and skin health. Drawing from recent research published in Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, Dr. Ali explains how sleep serves as a critical regulator of skin physiology, affecting everything from skin surface pH and transepidermal water loss to blood flow and temperature regulation. The conversation delves into the complex interplay of circadian rhythms, hormones, and inflammatory cytokines that govern both sleep patterns and skin homeostasis. The discussion covers how sleep deprivation accelerates skin aging as an extrinsic factor alongside sun exposure and pollution, with compelling evidence from studies showing that good sleepers have significantly better skin aging scores and improved recovery from UV exposure. Dr. Ali explores the bidirectional nature of this relationship—while poor sleep worsens skin conditions, dermatological disorders like atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and rosacea can severely disrupt sleep through mechanisms including the itch-scratch cycle and inflammatory processes. The episode addresses practical clinical concerns including the higher prevalence of sleep disorders in patients with conditions like hidradenitis suppurativa and rosacea, the role of obstructive sleep apnea in various skin conditions, and evidence-based approaches to breaking the itch-scratch cycle that disrupts sleep in dermatological patients. The conversation also tackles common sleep treatment-related skin issues, from CPAP mask irritation and "maskne" to headgear-induced hair loss, providing practical guidance for managing these complications. Dr. Ali discusses proper skincare routines for CPAP users, including the safety of retinol use under masks and strategies for preventing pressure-related skin breakdown. Whether you're a sleep medicine practitioner encountering dermatological complaints, a dermatologist treating patients with sleep disruption, or simply interested in optimizing both sleep and skin health, this episode provides evidence-based insights into this often-overlooked connection. Join us for this comprehensive discussion that bridges dermatology and sleep medicine to enhance patient care and understanding.

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• ASV Algorithms & Central Sleep Apnea Management

  In this episode of Talking Sleep, host Dr. Seema Khosla welcomes Dr. Imran Iftikhar and Dr. Rami Khayat to discuss groundbreaking research on adaptive servo-ventilation (ASV) and the newly released AASM clinical practice guidelines for central sleep apnea treatment. Dr. Iftikhar presents his innovative approach to analyzing ASV data through meta-analysis combined with trial sequential analysis, offering fresh insights into the statistical reliability of existing research beyond traditional systematic reviews. His work addresses lingering questions about ASV efficacy and safety that have persisted since the controversial SERVE-HF trial results challenged previous assumptions about this therapy. Meanwhile, Dr. Khayat, who served as vice-chair of the AASM task force, walks through the comprehensive evidence-based recommendations covering the full spectrum of central sleep apnea treatments. The guidelines address critical clinical decisions: When should CPAP be used over no treatment? Who requires BPAP with backup rates? Why does the task force recommend against BPAP without backup rates for central sleep apnea? What role do oxygen, acetazolamide, and transphrenic nerve stimulation play in treatment algorithms? The conversation delves into practical considerations including differences between ASV device algorithms from various manufacturers, the clinical impact of current device availability issues, and findings from Dr. Parthasarathy's bench study. The experts tackle the complex question of ASV use in patients with reduced ejection fraction and clarify important distinctions between primary central sleep apnea and treatment-emergent central sleep apnea (TECSA). This episode addresses the evolving landscape of central sleep apnea management, helping clinicians navigate evidence-based treatment decisions in an era of changing technology and updated safety considerations. Whether you're treating patients with heart failure, complex sleep-disordered breathing, or emerging central events during PAP therapy, this episode provides essential guidance for optimizing care. Join us for this comprehensive update that translates complex research findings into practical clinical applications.

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• Sleep Disorders in Military Veterans

  In this episode of Talking Sleep, host Dr. Seema Khosla welcomes Dr. Greg Burek, a psychiatrist and former Marine, and Dr. Dmitriy Kogan, associate professor of medicine at the Medical College of Wisconsin and program director for the sleep medicine fellowship program, to discuss the unique sleep challenges facing military veterans and first responders. The conversation explores how military and first responder training fundamentally changes individuals, creating an "adrenaline-focused" mindset that profoundly impacts their relationship with sleep and health. Dr. Burek provides insider insights into the stages of military service and the concept of "sacrifice" as a unifying characteristic among veterans, while explaining why many veterans may minimize or dismiss their service experiences. The guests introduce the BRAVE program, an innovative initiative designed specifically for military veterans and first responders to address the "invisible wounds of service"—PTSD and TBI—and their complex interactions with sleep disorders. Unlike traditional VA programs, BRAVE takes a specialized approach to understanding how military culture and experiences create unique sleep medicine challenges. The discussion covers critical clinical topics including insomnia management in veterans, the frequent use of clonidine as a treatment option, REM behavior disorder presentations that may differ from civilian populations, and the intricate relationships between PTSD, TBI, sleep-disordered breathing, and nightmare disorders. The experts address whether these sleep disturbances stem from combat trauma, brain injury, or the military experience itself. This episode provides essential insights for healthcare providers treating veterans, including practical approaches to asking about TBI history, understanding military culture's impact on patient care, and recognizing when specialized referrals may be beneficial. Whether you're a sleep medicine practitioner, mental health professional, or healthcare provider serving veteran populations, this episode offers valuable perspectives on culturally competent care for those who have served. Join us for this enlightening discussion that bridges military culture and sleep medicine to improve care for our veterans and first responders.

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• OSA and PLMD

  In this episode of Talking Sleep, host Dr. Seema Khosla welcomes Dr. Gulcin Benbir, professor of neurology and sleep researcher from Turkey, and Dr. Lourdes Del Rosso, sleep physician and professor at UCSF who served on the task force for updated AASM RLS guidelines, to discuss groundbreaking research on periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS) that persist after successful sleep apnea treatment. Following the recent updates to RLS guidelines, this conversation addresses the often-overlooked condition of periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD). The guests reveal surprising findings that challenge traditional teaching: while sleep medicine practitioners have long been taught that PLMD improves with PAP therapy, their research shows that 30% of patients continue to experience significant periodic limb movements even after successful OSA treatment. The discussion explores critical clinical questions: Are PLMs innocent bystanders or pathological processes requiring treatment? When do PLMs become PLMD? How should we evaluate residual hypersomnolence in well-treated OSA patients—should we screen for persistent PLMs before prescribing wake-promoting agents? The experts also delve into the complex relationship between RLS and PLMs, examining whether they represent interconnected sensory and motor phenomena or distinct processes. Practical treatment strategies are covered extensively, including the role of iron supplementation, appropriate diagnostic testing, IV iron protocols, and evidence-based pharmacological interventions. The conversation also addresses how the shift toward home sleep testing may impact our ability to detect and treat this important cause of continued sleep disruption. Whether you're treating OSA patients with persistent daytime sleepiness or managing complex sleep disorders, this episode provides essential insights into recognizing and treating PLMD as a potential contributor to ongoing symptoms. Join us for this clinically relevant discussion that may change how you approach residual hypersomnolence in your practice. 

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• Predicting RBD Phenoconversion via Autonomic Reflex Testing

  In this episode of Talking Sleep, host Dr. Seema Khosla welcomes Dr. Luca Baldelli, a neurologist from the University of Bologna and Treasurer-Elect of the International REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Study Group, to discuss breakthrough research on predicting which RBD patients will develop neurodegenerative diseases. Building on the AASM's updated RBD guidelines, Dr. Baldelli presents compelling evidence for using simple autonomic reflex testing to identify patients at highest risk for phenoconversion to conditions like Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. His research demonstrates that objective autonomic testing, particularly orthostatic assessments, can reveal early neurogenic orthostatic hypotension that precedes overt neurodegeneration by years. The conversation explores practical clinical applications: How can sleep medicine practitioners implement these screening protocols? What constitutes abnormal autonomic function in RBD patients? How do we interpret changes over time, and when should patients be referred for neurological evaluation? Dr. Baldelli shares his longitudinal monitoring framework that could transform how we counsel RBD patients about their future risk. This episode addresses critical questions about biomarker development in prodromal neurodegeneration, the timeline of autonomic changes, and evidence-based approaches to patient discussions about prognosis. Dr. Baldelli also discusses current research initiatives and potential therapeutic interventions for high-risk patients. Whether you're a sleep medicine physician, neurologist, or researcher interested in neurodegenerative diseases, this episode provides essential insights into improving early detection and patient care in RBD. Join us for this informative discussion that bridges sleep medicine and neurology to enhance clinical decision-making and patient outcomes.

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